Q. Illustrate Sources and Loads?

A source-load combination is represented in Figure. A node is a point at which two or more components or devices are connected together. A part of a circuit containing only one component, source, or device between two nodes is known as a branch. A voltage rise indicates an electric source, with the charge being raised to a higher potential, whereas a voltage drop indicates a load, with a charge going to a lower potential. The voltage across the source is the same as the voltage across the load in Figure. The current delivered by the source goes through the load. Ideally, with no losses, the power (p = vi) delivered by the source is consumed by the load.

When current flows out of the positive terminal of an electric source, it implies that non- electric energy has been transformed into electric energy. Examples include mechanical energy transformed into electric energy as in the case of a generator source, chemical energy changed into electric energy as in the case of a battery source, and solar energy converted into electric energy as in the case of a solar-cell source. On the other hand, when current flows in the direction of voltage drop, it implies that electric energy is transformed into nonelectric energy.

Examples include electric energy converted into thermal energy as in the case of an electric heater, electric energy transformed into mechanical energy as in the case of motor load, and electric energy changed into chemical energy as in the case of a charging battery.