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Hypothermia : Hypothermia reduces the metabolic requirements of the body thereby reducing oxygen consumption. It also preserves high-energy phosphate stores of the body. At normal temperature, if there is circulatory arrest for three minutes, brain suffers hypoxic damage. At 30°C, this period extends up to 10 minutes. If the temperature is brought down to l8°C, this period extends up to 45 minutes. .In 1953, John Lewis used surface hypothermia up to 280C and by inflow occlusion method closed atrial septa1 defect while the heart was arrested for 5.5 minutes. Japanese surgeons started surface cooling followed by short period of core cooling to achieve deep hypothermia (l8°C) to have circulatory arrest to correct complicated intra cardiac lesions in babies. Surface cooling being a cumbersome procedure, these days both cooling and re warming are done on tile pump. In this technique of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest (DHCA), it is safe if the period of arrest is 30 minutes or less. Between 30 minutes and 45 minutes, it is relatively safe. Above one hour, brain damage is likely to occur. In adults, the same technique is used for aortic arch aneurysms and pulmonary thrombo-endarterectomy. At the time of circulatory arrest, retrograde cerebral perfusion with cold perfusate through superior vena cava (cerebroplegia) is practised.
Admission to the Hospital The philosophy of childcare, whether in the home, hospital, or other community agency, should be consistently one of concern and support for the
Q Why is it said that during photosynthesis carbon dioxide is improved to form glucose? During photosynthesis carbon dioxide is energetically improve with hydrogen from water.
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Define Solubility affecting absorption of dietary iron? Solubility is crucial for non-haem iron absorption as the inorganic iron salts have to be solubilized in the intestine f
Define Food Components Other Than Essential Nutrients? In the previous units so far, we have read about the six major nutrients, which are essential for us. Though these vary i
what are the characteristics of the stages in seed dispersal
What are ganglia? Ganglia (singular ganglion), or neural ganglia, are structures located outside the central nervous system (for instance, beside the spinal column or near visc
Characteristics of Thin Gingiva Highly scalloped soft tissue and bony architecture Delicate friable soft tissue Minimal amount of attached gingiva Thin underlying
BUCCAL CAVITY - Situated between upper & lower jaw. It is lined by stratified squamous epithelium. Separated from nasal chamber by palate. Palate forms roof of buccal cav
Chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin is secreted in an inactive form 'chymotrypsinogen', which is activated by trypsin. Chymotrypsin is specific for peptide bonds containing unc
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