How halides and sulphides form in organic chemistry?, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

Halides 

Transition metals react with halogens at high temperatures to form halides. These reactions have very high activation energies; therefore, high temperatures are required to start these reactions. However, once the reaction starts, the heat liberated is sufficient to sustain the reaction. The order of reactivity of different halogens decreases as:

Fluorides are usually ionic whereas chlorides, bromides and iodides are predominantly covalent. The covalent character increase in atomic mass of the halogen. For example, CuF2 is ionic while CuCl2 and CuBr2 are covalent consisting of infinite chains. Co-ordination number of copper in these compounds is six.

Fluorine brings about the highest oxidation state of the metal. This is due its small size and high electronegativity. Halides of metals in higher oxidation states are relatively unstable and get hydrolysed easily. For example,
                                         
TiCl4 + 2H2O  1729_halides.png  TiO2 + 4HCl

Sulphides

Sulphides of transition metals are prepared either by direct combination of sulphur with metals or by the reaction of H2S or Na2S with the solution of their salts. In sulphides, the oxidation state of metal is generally low because sulphur is a weak oxidising agent. These sulphides are generally coloured or black. For example, NiS, CoS and CuS are black, MnS is light pink and CdS is yellow. They are insoluble in water.

Example: classify the following oxides as acidic, basic and amphoteric:
                         
MnO, MnO2, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, Mn2O7.

Solution: Acidic oxide : Mn2O7
               
Basic oxides : MnO, Mn2O3
      
Amphoteric oxides: Mn3O4, MnO2.

 

 

 


Related Discussions:- How halides and sulphides form in organic chemistry?

Glucose, Why can''t glucose exist as a gas? What properties make this so?

Why can''t glucose exist as a gas? What properties make this so?

Define ionisation isomerism, Q. Define Ionisation Isomerism? Ionisatio...

Q. Define Ionisation Isomerism? Ionisation Isomerism: when coordinated ions exchange positions with ions present in the lattice position, we get ionisation isomers. Thus comp

Solvent extraction, role of modifiers in solvent extraction of metal ion

role of modifiers in solvent extraction of metal ion

Uses trihydric alcohols - hydrocarbon, Uses Trihydric alcohols (a) It i...

Uses Trihydric alcohols (a) It is used as antifreeze in automobile radiator. (b) It is used in the preparation of good quality of soap-hand lotions shaving creams and tooth

S-block element, phsiscal properties &chemical propertise

phsiscal properties &chemical propertise

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd