Harrington Emerson:

He proposed the 12 principles of efficiency. They are:-

1. Ideals: The best product in shortest time at the least expense is the ideal of the management and all the objectives, goals, policies and strategies should stem from this ideal.

2. Common sense:  the pointed out that the management should not be obsessed by the mania of bigness but it should rather use common sense in laying down objectives and policies.

3. Reliable immediate and adequate records: Records should cover the cost, efficiency of machine and man power utilization.

4. Dispatching: Work in repair workshop should be dispatched more speedily. In every separate step in repair is identified in scheduled in proper sequence, work can be completed speedily.

5. Standards: Work standard based on time and motion study should be rationally determined after taking into account the placement of workers. Conditions and operations should be standardised so as to make work measurement more meaningful. Parts, design and procedure should be also standardised.