Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Functions of Endosperm
The tissue of young endosperm is rich in food materials and various growth hormones. It regulates the precise mode of embryo development and nourishes the developing embryo. During seed germination, the reserve food materials stored in mature endosperm are digested and utilized for the growth of the seedling until the later develops chlorophyll and is able to manufacture its own food. In some plants, the seed coat and the fruit wall are consumed by the endosperm, which ultimately becomes exposed to sunlight and develops chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Rarely the outermost layer of such exposed endosperm takes on a protective function. In the absence of endosperm, the embryo usually aborts.
Endosperm development is a characteristic feature of all the families of angiosperms with the exceptions of Podostemaceae and Trapaceae. In the Orchidaceae endosperm degenerates quite early. Endosperm may be used up by the embryo as such the mature seed has no traces of it (exalbuminous seed). In most monocotyledons it persists (albuminous conditions). In the main food plants such as wheat, rice, maize and sorghum it is the starchy endosperm that forms the bulk of the grain. In many legumes the mature seed has food reserves in the cotyledons rather than in the endosperm. In the castor seed endosperm is laden with fatty substances. The cereal endosperm is made of very different tissues at maturity. The outer aleurone layer consists of living cells. The endosperm usually occupies the bulk (87%) of the grain and about 10% of the endosperm dry weight is aleurone. The aleurone layer stores lipid (about 90% of total endosperm lipid) and also contain 20% of protein. During germination, hydrolytic enzymes are produced in the aleurone layer and these are released into starchy endosperm where the reserves are hydrolysed. When the barley grains are soaked in water gibberellins (GA3 and GA1) are released from scutellum of embryo and diffuse into the endosperm.
The largest tissue for this hormone is the aleurone, which responds by breaking down its own protein reserves and by secreting enzymes (mostly hydrolytic) into the starchy endosperm. Some of these enzymes are newly synthesized (e.g. α-amylase) and some are (e.g. β-glucanase) pre-existent probably all cereals except sorghum, have aleurone that responds similarly. Thus endosperm has a very important role in the development of the embryo. In most of inter varietal and interspecific crosses, embryos fail to form because of failure of endosperm formation.
Q. What is Barr body Genes? Located inside nuclear envelope, it's a densely staining object which is an inactivated X chromosome in female mammalian cells. Most Barr body genes
Plant Water Role of Water in Plants You know that water is the main constituent of plant cells. It performs the following major functions Water as a Solvent Water is a v
Define Causes of iron Deficiency Anaemia? Anaemia is a condition in which the blood cannot carry enough oxygen. This may be because there are fewer red blood cells than normal,
Epithelial tissue the cells in animals which are closely packed in either single or multiple layers, and which cover internal and external surfaces both of the animal body. It is
Determine the Emerging clinical use of brain Emerging clinical uses include identifying brain regions from which epileptic seizures emanate and confirming diagnoses of neurodeg
List the advantages and disadvantages of stage 2 surgery using a tissue punch. Advantages - Less traumatic to surrounding tissue - Faster progress to the impression proce
Cardiomyoplasty This is a procedure wherein the latissimus dorsi muscle is wrapped around the heart and stimulated to contract synchronously with it. It has been largely given
"In these autotrophs, sporophyte is the dominant generation. Gametophyte is also photosynthetic and not dependent on sporophyte for nutrition." These autotrophs are: a. P
Mechanism of Enzyme Action The action of enzymes is to lower the activation energy or threshold of their substrates which. Therefore become activated and react with
Q. Study of food texture? We learnt earlier that texture is observed in terms of tactile sensations i.e. finger feel and mouth feel. Finger feel is sensed before ingestion, by
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd