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Timestamps For Read operations:
If TS (T) < W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has already been overwritten by some other transaction. As the value which T wanted to read from Q does not be there anymore, and T would be rolled back.
If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed by some other transaction earlier. As T will be allowed to read the value of Q, and the R-timestamp of Q should be updated to TS (T).
BCNF Boyce-Codd Normal Form A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and accepts an additional constraint that for every FD X A, X has to be a candidate key. If a relati
describe all the tables you have created. ?get table_name, status, num_rows, user_stats in user_tables system view ?get table_name, constraint_name, constraint_type in user_constr
Define decision tree classifiers? As the name suggests decision tree classifiers use a tree: Every leaf node has an associated class, and every internal node has a predicate as
intent locking
Where does view definition stored? A view definition is permanently stored as part of the database.
Designing the fields in the data base The following are the considerations one has to remain in mind while designing the fields in the data base. Coding, compression, en
First Normal Form and second normal form First Normal Form (1NF) A relation is said to be in 1NF if it having no non-atomic values and each row can give a unique combinat
Increases efficiency : Data is stored close to most often used site, therefore retrieval would be faster. Also, data that is not required by local applications is not stored, there
Process-oriented decompositions Process-oriented decompositions divide complex process, task or function into simpler sub processes until they get simple enough to be deal
Determine the Objectives of object oriented design provide an overview of object oriented design; partitioning system to subsystems; describe how a software desig
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