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Explain the Concept of Two-phase Locking
It concerns the positions of locking and unlocking operations in each transaction. In this protocol every transaction issue lock and unlock requests in two phases.
Growing Phase: In this phase a transaction might acquire locks but may not release any lock. Here the of locks rises from zero to the maximum for the transaction.
Shrinking Phase: In this phase a transaction might release locks but may not obtain any new locks. Here the number of locks reduces from maximum to zero.
The major concept of this protocol is that, all the locks are first obtained before any of the locks released. No new locks can be granted later than the releasing of any lock.
Relationship between Security and Integrity: Database security usually refers to access, while database integrity refers to avoidance of accidental loss of consistency. But usually
What is the aim of logical schema ? The main motive of the logical schema is to ensure the portability of procedures and models on various physical schemas at runtime.
BCNF Boyce-Codd Normal Form A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and accepts an additional constraint that for every FD X A, X has to be a candidate key. If a relati
Logical Operators Rules of Precedence: Order evaluated Operator 1 All comparison operators 2
Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts. T9 T10 Value of x old value = 200
With the help of a suitable diagram gives module wise explanation of system architecture of DBMS.on..
as a customer service employee, explain five measures you would recommend a displeased student to patronise a school canteen
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Consider the subsequent relation schemes: Project (Project#, Project_name, chief_architect) Employee (Emp#, Empname) Assigned_To (Project#, Emp#) Give expression i
Functional Dependency Consider a relation R that has 2 attributes A and B. The attribute B of the relation is functionally dependent on the attribute A if and only if for every
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