Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Explain the Fluoride Toxicity?
Fluoride is a cumulative toxin. Ingestion of fluoride 1.0-1.5 mg/L for several years may produce dental fluorosis, i.e. browning and pitting of teeth known as mottling, as you may recall studying in the Public Nutrition Course (MFN-006). Chronic high level of fluoride in the range of 2-5 mgL can cause skeletal fluorosis. Crippling skeletal fluorosis can occur where drinking water containing higher than 10 mg/L is consumed over several. years. The severe forms of skeletal deformity in toxic fluorosis include kyphosis (abnormal curvature of the spine), fixed spine and other joint deformities. Hyper parathyroidism secondary to high fluoride intake has been reported, which induces calcification of soft tissues. You may recall that PTH is a hormone involved in calcium homeostasis, releasing calcium from the bone into the blood when blood calcium levels tend to fall. An abnormal increase in PTH can add calcium to the soft tissues, hardening them in the process.
A form of severe skeletal flourosis known as "Genuvalgium" (knocked knees) has been reported from part of India, China and African countries. The condition is characterized by severe skeletal fluorosis and osteoporosis of the limbs. Chronic ingestion of excess fluoride coupled with low calcium and high molybdenum intakes appear to increase fluoride retention in the bone. While hyper-parathyrodism and increased levels of PTH result in calcium removal from the bone, explaining the osteoporosis of the limbs.
how to draw a decomposition diagram
Which of the following is true for ventilation? A. Interneurons responsible for generating the rhythm of ventilation are located only in the hypothalamus. B. All the central
What do you mean by sex ratio? Sex Ratio is defined as "the number of females per 1000 males". Sex ratio is an important social indicator to measure the extent of prevailing e
Polynephritis in cattle Contagious bovine polynephritis is a specific infection of urinary tract of cattle. The causative agent is Corynebacterium renale, a rod shaped gram-po
Q. What are the main prophylactic measures against malaria? The major preventive measures against malaria are the elimination of the treatment of infected people, vector mosqui
Anther Dehiscence and Pollen Transfer Anther Dehiscence Anther dehiscence simply means the release of pollen grains from dry and mature anthers. It involves the rupturi
What is the structural representation of a carboxyl group? Carboxyl groups have a carbon attached to single hydroxyl group by a simple bond and to one oxygen by a double bond.
Define Defensive Proteins - Biological Functions of Proteins? These proteins protect in opposition to diseases. Antibodies are the instance of defensive proteins. These combat
Consider an axon of a neuron. At time=t1, its voltage is at threshold for an action potential; at time=t2, its voltage is at 0 millivolts prior to the peak of that action potential
What is the physical experiment that show that the protoplasm has contractility?
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd