Explain ionization energy, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

Q. Explain Ionization Energy?

Ans.

When an electron is removed from an atom, the atom has been ionized. Therefore, the energy required to remove an electron from an atom is called the ionization energy.

When forming a positive ion, an atom undergoes the following reaction:

atom + energy -> positive ion + electron

For example, consider the reaction by which sodium forms a positive ion:

Na + 494 kJ/mole -> Na+ + e-

This means that 494 kilojoules of energy are required to remove one electron from each sodium atom in a mole of atoms.

The first ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove the first electron from an atom. The second ionization energy is the amount needed to remove the second electron from that atom, and so on.

Moving from left to right within a period in the periodic table, the ionization energy increases. The noble gases have high ionization energy values because they have a very stable, complete eight-electron structure in the outer energy level (recall the octet rule), and therefore do not "willingly" give up any of their electrons.

In general, if loosing an electron will allow an element to achieve a noble gas configuration, then the ionization energy for such a favorable reaction will be very low. However, if loosing an electron will also cause an element to lose its noble has electron configuration, then such a reaction is undesirable, as reflected in a high value for the ionization energy.

For example, elements in Group IA have only one outermost valence electron. As loosing this electron will allow these elements to have a noble gas electron configuration, the values for the first ionization energy for these elements are very low.
However, it would be very difficult to remove a second electron from an element in Group IA, since this would result a loss of the noble gas configuration. Consequently, the second ionization energy values for these elements are very high.


Related Discussions:- Explain ionization energy

The mole concept, The mole (calculation using the mole formula should be in...

The mole (calculation using the mole formula should be included).

Crystals, what is a crystal and why do crystals have regular faces?

what is a crystal and why do crystals have regular faces?

#title.laws of chemical combinations ., copper reacts with oxygen to form t...

copper reacts with oxygen to form two oxide X and Y .On analysis 1.535g of X yielded 1.365g of copper and 1.450g of Y yielded 1.160g of copper. [I] determine the chemical formula

Freezing Point Depression, A solution is prepared with 3.85g of a non-ionic...

A solution is prepared with 3.85g of a non-ionic unknown compound in 100.0g cyclohexane. The solution had a freezing point of 4.18 degrees Celsius. What is the molar mass of the un

Geiger marsden experiment, Geiger Marsden experiment The Rutherford exp...

Geiger Marsden experiment The Rutherford experiment (also known as the Gold foil experiment or the Geiger-Marsden experiment) was an experiment to probe the structure of the at

By the action of co on methyl alcohol, By the action of CO on methyl alcoho...

By the action of CO on methyl alcohol Methyl alcohol and carbon monoxide react together under a pressure of 30 atmospheres and 200°C in presence of a catalyst cobalt octacarbon

Lyman series, For a hydrogen atom, calculate the wavelength (in nm) of an e...

For a hydrogen atom, calculate the wavelength (in nm) of an emitted photon in the Lyman series that results from the transition n = 3 to n = 1

Crystalline solids, CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS Solids may be loosely categorize...

CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS Solids may be loosely categorized into two groups. Amorphous solid has no long-range order in their molecular or atomic structure. By their nature Amorphous

D block, mixture of sulphur carbon and kmno4 is named what

mixture of sulphur carbon and kmno4 is named what

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd