Question 1:

(a) Describe the concept of "modelling' as applied in educational administration. Analyze this concept with respect to the synoptic and the incremental models of policy-making.

(b) Examine the extent to which the "commonsense model" of Clay and Schaffer can be a useful diagnostic tool for understanding organizational effectiveness. Illustrate your answer with examples.

(c) How far can the "7 S Framework" of Peters and Waterman provide a holistic approach to analyzing the functions and responsibilities of the Ministry of Education in general and those of the Chief Executive in particular?

Question 2:

Policy is "What governments do" (Thomas Dye). Examine this statement with respect to policy options evaluated in terms of feasibility, desirability and affordability. Substantiate your answer with examples.

Question 3:

How far is policy-making and policy implementation closely intertwined? Consider also the extent to which policy implementation involves a concreteness absent in the earlier stages of the policy process as well as a "missing link".

Question 4:

Compare and contrast Hofferbert and Hodgkinson's models of policy-making in terms of scope, complexity, decision environment and range of choices.

Question 5:

Westbord and Burke-Litwin models are not as effective as Stephen Covey's model "Passion-Trust-Strategy" as an integrating force in raising the stakes in public sector policy-making. Substantiate this statement with examples.