Explain flocculation, Civil Engineering

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Explain Flocculation

  • Most important factor effecting particle removal efficiency
  • objective - to bring particles into contact so that they will collide, stick together and grow to a size that will readily settle
  • enough mixing to provide contact and prevent settling in the flocculation basin but not too much to shear the floc particles making the floc small and dispersed
  • Velocity gradient, G must be controlled in narrow range
  • heavier the floc and SS Conc. the more mixing (high G)
  • Softening floc is heavier and need more mixing (high G)
  • Detention time ≥ 30 minutes
  • Flow through velocity = 0.5 to 1.5 fps
  • Paddle area = 10 to 25% of tank c/s area
  • G, mean velocity gradient = 5 to 100 /sec
  • Gt (also Gt) = 30,000 - 150,000

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