Explain abo blood grouping system, Science

Assignment Help:

Explain ABO Blood Grouping System

As the name suggest, this is based on the presence or absence of 9 antigens A and B, on the surface of RBC. If either of these antigens is present on the surface of RBC, it can react with the corresponding antibody. Reaction between a blood group antigen and its corresponding antibody leads to clumping (agglutination) of RBCs. Hence, blood group antigens are known as 'agglutinogens' and the corresponding antibodies are known as 'agglutinins'.

Landsteiner found that if RBC of an individual carries a particular group antigen, RBC can circulate safely only if corresponding antibody is not present in the plasma of same individual. Hence a law was formulated by him, which states that 'if an antigen is present on the surface of RBC, the corresponding antibody would be absent in plasma'. Conversely, if an antigen is absent, the corresponding antibody is present. This law is good for ABO and not for Rh system.

According to the ABO blood typing system, therefore, there are four different kinds of blood types: A, B, AB or O (null). What do they signify? Let's find out. If you belong to the blood group A, it means you have A antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and B antibodies in your blood plasma, as shown in Figure. If you belong to the blood group B, you have B antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and A antibodies in your blood plasma. If you belong to the blood group AB, you have both A and B antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and no A or B antibodies at all in your blood plasma. If you belong to the blood group O (null), you have neither A or B antigens on the surface of your red blood cells, but you have both A and B antibodies in your blood plasma as you can see in the Figure.

306_ABO Blood Grouping System.jpg

The next question which might interest you is how do you find out which blood group one belongs to? The process is simple. First, the blood with three different reagents including either of the three different antibodies, A, B or Rh antibodies is mixed. Then one looks that in which mixtures agglutination has occurred? The agglutination indicates that the blood has reacted with a certain antibody and therefore is not compatible with blood containing that kind of antibody. If the blood does not agglutinate, it indicates that the blood does not have the antigens binding the special antibody in the reagent. If you know which antigens are in the person's blood, it's easy to figure out which blood group he or she belongs to. Further, you may have come across the terms 'universal Donor' and 'Recipients' in the context of blood transfusion.


Related Discussions:- Explain abo blood grouping system

Introduction electricity and water in a laboratory, INTRODUCTION : Gas, El...

INTRODUCTION : Gas, Electricity and water are integral parts of any science laboratory. You would have realised from personal experience (if any) and in the course of your study o

Fibre optics, Fibre optics: The songs you hear on your transistor, or t...

Fibre optics: The songs you hear on your transistor, or the pictures you  see on your TV are canied from the studios to your home on radiowaves. Telephone calls you make, on th

Image caching, how to cache images in java or jsp without using .htaccess??...

how to cache images in java or jsp without using .htaccess??

Explain structure of steroids, Explain structure of  steroids Basic s...

Explain structure of  steroids Basic structure of  steroids consist of  three cyclohexane rings (1, 2, 3 rings) and one cyclopentane ring (ring 4)  as  in  the Figure .  The p

Explain cells as units of life , 1.  Define the cell theory.  2.  Contra...

1.  Define the cell theory.  2.  Contrast the light microscope with the transmission electron microscope. 3.  Describe the structure and function of the plasma membrane, chro

Determine if flow will choke and downstream and upstream, A nearly horizont...

A nearly horizontal,12 ft wide rectangular channel carries 60cfs at a depth of 3.0ft.The width of the channel is smoothly contracted to 6 ft at the downstream section. (a) Deter

Extra-terrestrial life, Extra-terrestrial life: Just as we have been cu...

Extra-terrestrial life: Just as we have been curious about how life originated  on the Earth, we have also tried to explore whether there is life on any other planet in the Sol

Soil science.., how is the soil colloidal material look like when ion and c...

how is the soil colloidal material look like when ion and cation exchange capacity of the soil?

Matter, which is the heaviest matter in the world

which is the heaviest matter in the world

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd