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Describe the two alternatives for specifying structural constraints on relationship kinds?
Relationship kinds have certain constraints in which limit the possible combination of entities that might participate in relationship. An example of a constraint is in which if we have the entities Doctor and Patient, the organization might have a rule that a patient cannot be seen through more than one doctor. This constraint needs to be elaborates in the schema. There are two major kinds of structural relationship constraints on: cardinality ratio, and participation.
Create 1 experiment to demonstrate an aspect of query optimisation by using access-path structures (indexes), decomposition, or denormalisation. Once satisfied with your experiment
Ancestry database records information about family trees . Following information is recorded about each person: FIRSTNAME first name SURNAME surname MNAME maiden name (if
Which database level is closest to the users? External database level is closest to the users.
What is a checkpoint? List the operations to be performed by the system when a checkpoint is to be taken. What does the recovery system do if there is a crash? There is large n
Explain the Concept of Two-phase Locking It concerns the positions of locking and unlocking operations in each transaction. In this protocol every transaction issue lock and u
What are the drawbacks of shadow-paging technique? The drawbacks of shadow paging is:- a) Commit Overhead b) Data fragmentation c) Garbage collection
The Database administrator (DBA) uses the data dictionary in each phase of a database life cycle, beginning from the data gathering phase to the design, execution and maintenance p
Replicating Data One approach that may support efficient access to dissimilar applications as above may be to give access to every of the applications from dissimilar replicate
Determine the term- Active values An active value is that has dependent values. Every dependent value registers itself with active value that contains a set of dependent values
What are deadlocks? How can they be avoided? Ans: Deadlock considers to a particular condition when two or more processes are every waiting for another to release a resource,
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