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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Explain the term- Data Flows Data Flows: A data flow connects output of an object or process to input of another process or object. It represents an in-between data value wit
Explain the disadvantages of file oriented approach? In the oriented approach Applications are designed in isolation. Design of application is optimized for one application. In
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The basic merits of decomposition. The Advantages of Decomposition 1. Separate person can work on each subsystem. 2. A particular software engineer can specialize in a
What are wait-for-graphs?Give the algorithm to construct a wait-for-graph from a given schedule of transactions? How can deadlocks be detected from wait-for-graphs? Ans: The
Explain the ACID properties of a transaction Ans: ACID properties are a significant concept for databases. The ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability
What is Relational Algebra? Relational algebra is a Procedural query Language?
A Functional dependency is described by X Y between two groups of attributes Y and X that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can make a relation
What are the Objectives of Advance object design After this unit, you shall be able to: combine three OOAD models to obtain operations on the classes; develop algo
Why are cursors necessary in embedded SQL? A cursor is an object used to store the output of a query for row-by-row processing through the application programs. SQL statements
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