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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
The Internal or Physical Level The collection of files permanently stored on secondary storage devices is called as the physical database. The internal or physical level is t
Explain the two constraints, check and foreign key in SQL along with an example for each. Give the syntax. CHECK constraint - CHECK constraint specifies an expression which
The natural join is equal to which product? The natural join is equal to Combination of projection and Cartesian product
In this assignment, you will create a program that works with multiple tables. In this assignment, you will work with the factory and sales tables. 1. Create a new project nam
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Explain the three data models namely relational, network and hierarchical and evaluate their relative advantages and disadvantages. Hierarchical Model: In hierarchical model, da
Illustrate the class diagram for class room scheduling system If in any college, the number of classrooms are limited which have to be allocated to various classes and instruct
Explain sorted File with advantages? Sorted file The sort utility shall perform one of the subsequent functions: 1.Sort lines of all the named files together and write the
Two-way Associations Mostly, associations are travel in both directions, although not usually with same frequency. There are three approaches for the implementation. In
Design a gennalization and specialization hierarchy for an automobile sales company
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