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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
State the Object Design for Processing The object design phase comes after analysis and system design phase. The object design phase includes implementation details like as i
This constraint shows that the key attribute value in each tuple must be unique, i.e., no two tuples have the similar value for the key attribute. This is because the value of the
What are the two types of serializability? The two types of serializability is a) Conflict serializability b) View serializability
What is inheritance? Define it in detail? Inheritance Inheritance can be at the levels of types, or at the level of tables we first consider inheritance of types, then i
Where does view definition stored? A view definition is permanently stored as part of the database.
Use of partial data by applications : In common, applications work with views rather than whole relations. Thus, it may be more appropriate to work with subsets of relations rather
Surgeons identified by doctor ID (DOCID) operate on patients identified by patient ID (PATID) in operating theaters identified by room numbers (ROOMNO). Each surgeon can operate on
Increased parallelism : Since the replicated date has several copies a query can be distributed or can be answered from the smallest loaded site. Also, with more replicas you have
The Update Operations : Update operations are used for altering database values. The constraint violations faced by this operation are logically the similar as the problem faced
How does a query tree represent a relational algebra expression? Discuss any three rules for query optimisation, giving example as to when should each rule be applied. Ans
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