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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Some disadvantages of File Oriented System ?
Which file organization provides very fast access to any arbitrary record of a file? Hashed file organization provides very fast access to any arbitrary record of a file.
Part: Recommended (Non-query) Optimisations This section entitled "Recommended (non-query) optimisations" should be a brief report containing recommended optimisations you would
Home based assignment Consider an ORDER table with the following attributes: • Order Number (ONo),Customer Number (CNo),Customer Name (CNa),Item Number (INo),Unit Price (UP), Quant
Control as a State Machine Engine First let us define the state machine: "the state machine is a machine which is an object but not an application object. It is a part of lang
Retrieve the S&S In-Chapter Database (in Microsoft Access format) from the text's Web site (or create the tables in Table 4-5 in a relational DBMS product). Write queries to answer
What are composite objects? Objects that have other objects are known as complex objects or composite objects.
Example: Consider the following relations: ROLLNO NAME ADDRESS COURSE_ID 100 Ka
Give the two reasons for allowing concurrency
Support by Adding Indexes Multiple indexes can be used to access a data file by multiple access paths. In such a scheme only single copy of the data is consider, only the numbe
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