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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Which data manipulation command combines the records from one or more tables ? JOIN data manipulation command combines the records from one or more tables.
Design an EER schema for the following application and translate the EER schema into relational schemas (and constraints). It is possible that some requirements cannot be captured
What is relationship instance ? Relationship Instance - A relationship is a relation between two or more entities. An instance of relationship set is a set of relationships.
Define Single Value and Multivalued attribute Single value attribute comprise a single atomic value for an entity and multivalued attribute may have much more than one value f
What is the difference among a primary index and a secondary index? Primary Index: A primary index is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two fields.
What are the responsibility of File manager? File Manager : Manager allocation of space on disk storage and the data structures used to represent within stored on disk. It is a
define lock conversion
What are the three data anomalies that are similarly to take place as a result of data redundancy? Can data redundancy be completely eliminated in database approach? Why or why n
What are the comparison operator in SQL? Comparison operator in SQL are =, LIKE and BETWEEN
Differentiate between natural join and outer join? Natural join is a binary operator which is written as (R * S) where as R and S are relations. The output of the natural join
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