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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
2NF Normal Form : A relation schema process R is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and each non-prime attribute A in R is fully functionally related on primary key. Second normal form (2N
employee(empid,empname,dept,telno,mobno, add,sssno,tinno,WEdates,WEcomp,WEadd,WEpos,WEres) this is a employee record which is need to be normalize.the WE means work experience
Set Difference If R1 and R2 are two union compatible relations or relations then result of R3 =R1- R2 is the relation that have only those tuples that are in R1 but not in R2.
Saving Derived Attributes to Avoid Re-computation As discussed, "redundancy means duplication of exact data". But, if multiple copies of same data are present in the system,
How can one distinguish among different kinds of parameters? Input parameters are used to pass data to subroutines. Output parameters are used to pass data from subrout
Question 1 What do you mean by database management system? Question 2 Write a note on Object-Oriented Model Question 3 Explain Sequential File Organization Question
Define deadlock avoidance. An alternative method for avoiding deadlocks is to needs additional information about how resources are to be requested. Each request requires the s
Differance between Open addressing and chaining for collision resolution ? In open addressing , proceeding from the occupied position specified by hash address the program che
Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture. Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this: 1. Internal view is at the lowest leve
Normalize the following tables upto and including the 3NF. Submit a 1 page printout of only the final set of normalized tables in Data Architect. Just use Data Architect to do the
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