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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
What are the properties in a relation ? In a relation Ordering of rows is immaterial and No two rows are identical.
Fragmentation: It is definite as partitioning of a relation into various fragments.Every fragment can be stored at a dissimilar site.
Compare the two log-based recovery schemes in terms of ease of implementation and overhead cost. Ans: There are two types of log based recovery techniques: deferred update
For each m:n relationship type R, we make a new table (say S) to represent R. We also contain the primary key attributes of both the participating entity types as a foreign key att
Describe the benefits of OOD techniques OOD techniques are very useful for development of large and complex systems. It has been noted that large projects that are developed u
What is transaction? Transaction is a unit of program implementation that accesses and possibly updated several data items.
Use Access 2007 to create a database called UniLib.mdb. - this file should be created on your personal drive at the university (or C: if you're using Access 2007 at home) and t
In how many parts events are classified Events are classified as four types in UML 1. Signals 2. Calls 3. Passing of Time 4. Change in State
Aggregate functions Some of these functions are min, count, max, and avg. These functions help in getting consolidated information from a set of tuples. Example:
QUESTION (a)(i) Define the term database. (ii) How is it different from a database management system? (b) What is the difference between an entity and an attribute? (c
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