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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
A database is to be constructed to remain track of the teams and games of a sport league. A team has a number of players, not all of whom participate in every game. It is desired
external and internal mapping with examples
What is Outer join? They can be employed while we want to keep all the tuples in R, or all those in S or all those in both relations in the result of the JOIN in spite of of w
What is Information System?
Log based recovery: Let us first describe the term transaction log in the context of DBMS. A transaction log is a record in DBMS that remains track of all the transactions of a dat
In the first unit of this block, you have been given with the details of the Database Management System, its structure, advantages etc. This unit is an attempt to give you informat
Consider the subsequent relation schemes: Project (Project#, Project_name, chief_architect) Employee (Emp#, Empname) Assigned_To (Project#, Emp#) Give expression i
Describe Specialsation and generalization? Specialisation /generalization: This is a top down and bottom up approach to the design of database. It displays the IS_A relation
What is data independence? Data Independence: Techniques which permit data to be changed without affecting the applications in which procedure it. There are two types of data
Three Level Architecture of DBMS or Logical DBMS Architecture The logical architecture defines how data in the database is perceived by users. It is not deals with how the da
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