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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
In which format database schema is written ? Data base schema is written in the DDL format.
Explain how the object classes are mapped to tables. Each object class maps to one or more than one tables in the database. The objects in the class may be partitioned horizont
A Functional dependency is described by X Y between two groups of attributes Y and X that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can make a relation
Write short notes on relational model The relational model uses a collection of tables to show both data and the relationships between those data. The relational mo
Difference between Operating System and Database Security Security within the operating system can be executed at various levels ranging from passwords for access to system, t
Designing the fields in the data base The following are the considerations one has to remain in mind while designing the fields in the data base. Coding, compression, en
The ER diagram clearly showing the additional tables you have implemented. SQL table creation scripts for the tables you have set up. SQL scripts showing the sample data you
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a database system. Sol. Advantages of Database System (DBMS) : (1) Data Redundancy and Inconsistency: Since differen
Vertical Fragmentation- Vertical fragmentation groups together only those attributes in a relation that are used jointly by various important transactions. A vertical fragment is d
What is document scanning and imaging? Document scanning and imaging, or digital archiving, is the method of scanning a document into a digital image to archive and retrieve a
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