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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
The Incident table, with an auto-incrementing incident number, etc, looks like: incident_num reporter date time incide
Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts. T9 T10 Value of x old value = 200
The cross-section of twisted pair The cross-section of each and every strand of the twisted pair is π/4 square mm. A 10-km length of this type of material, with two strands per
explain the steps for reduction of er model into relational model?
The Third Normal Form (3NF) Even though, transforming a relation that is not in 2NF into a number of relations that are in 2NF take out many of the anomalies, it does not neces
Explain the EXEC statement in SQL Ans: All statements which start with EXEC SQL are embedded SQL database statements. High level languages such as C can be employed to write a
using the invoice table shown below,write the relational schema,draw a dependencies,inclunding all partial and transitive dependencies.assume that the table does not contain repeat
Explain the rules for creating a labelled precedence graph for testing view serializability. Ans: A schedule S is view serializable if it is view equivalent to a ser
Explain the two constraints, check and foreign key in SQL along with an example for each. Give the syntax. CHECK constraint - CHECK constraint specifies an expression which
Define Sequence A sequence is a set of integers 1, 2, 3 that are generated in order on demand. Sequences are regularly used in databases because lots of applications require ev
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