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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
A well-maintained relational DBMS has a high level of data integrity. What features of a relational DBMS contribute towards this level of integrity? Relational DBMS gives high
What is it ?
Adding Redundant Associations for Efficient Access Redundant associations do not add any type of information, therefore during design we should actually examine structure of o
Consider an information system designed for an online company which provides IT products and services. These include desktops, laptops, networking products, IT books, parts, and te
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Multi-list file Organisation Multi-list file organisation is a multi-index linked file organisation. A linked file organisation is a logical organisation where physical orderin
The Enhanced Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) produced with a drawing or case tool. Your EERD must use a ''standard'' notation style such as Crows Foot or Chen. Please note that t
What is normalization? It is a method of analysing the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to attain the properties (1).Minim
State about the Tables- DBMS Data is stored in columns and rows (much like a spreadsheet -main difference is how data is organised). Every row in a table is known as a record
Explain Candidate key? Candidate Key - A candidate key is a minimal superkey, that can be used to uniquely identify a tuple in the relation.
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