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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Define the terms i) DDL ii) DML DDL: Data base schema is specified by a set of definitions expressed by a special language known as a data def
Speedup Query Processing: A query that includes data at various sites can be split into sub-queries. These sub- queries can be implemented in parallel by various sites. Such parall
Discuss the problem of Spurious tuples and how we may prevent it. Ans: A spurious tuple is, mainly, a record in a database that gets created while two tables are joined bad
#question. Draw a picture of a moving source and the waves surrounding it according to what you observed in this experiment. How does the spacing of the wave-fronts in front of the
What is data definition language? Explain it in detail? The SQL DDL allows specification of not only a set of relations, but also information after each relation, containing
What is the use of sub queries? A sub query is a select-from-where expression that is nested with in another query. A common use of sub queries is to do tests for set membershi
Explain the Project-Join normal form A relation R is in PJNF along with respect to a set of functional dependencies D if for all join dependencies of the outline *(R 1 , R 2 ,
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Differentiate between a subquery and a join If we need to acquire information from one or more tables after that either subquery or join can be used. If the columns which are t
Question: Consider the following database relations for a textbook ordering system used by a college bookshop: Book (b-copy#, bname, ISBN#, author, price, subject) Order (s#
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