Define role in growth and cellular differentiation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define Role in growth and cellular Differentiation?

The growth and differentiation of epithelial cells throughout the body are especially affected by vitamin A deficiency.  In addition, goblet cell numbers we reduced in epithelial tissues and as a consequence, mucous secretions diminish. Cells lining protective tissue surfaces fail to regenerate and differentiate; hence they flatten and accumulate keratin.  Classical symptoms of xerosis (drying or non-wet ability) and desquamation of  dead surface cells as seen in ocular tissue (i.e. xerophthalmia) are the external  evidence of the changes also occurring to various degrees in internal epithelial  tissues. Current understanding of the mechanism of vitamin A action within cells outside the visual cycle is that cellular functions are mediated through specific nuclear receptors. Binding with specific isomers of retinoic acid (i.e.all Tran- and 9-cis-retinoic acid) activates these receptors. Activated receptors bind to DNA response elements located upstream of specific genes to regulate the level of expression of those genes. These retinoid-activated genes regulate the synthesis of a large number of proteins vital to maintaining normal physiologic functions. There may, however be other mechanisms of action that are as yet undiscovered.

 


Related Discussions:- Define role in growth and cellular differentiation

Mitosis, explain mitosis in detail

explain mitosis in detail

Explain complex or undefined media, Explain Complex or Undefined Media? ...

Explain Complex or Undefined Media? Here, the exact composition of the medium is not known. It contains some complex components of plant and animal extracts whose exact chemica

Explain haploid cells and triploid cells, Q. Can mitosis occur in haploid (...

Q. Can mitosis occur in haploid (n) cells and in triploid cells? The mitotic cell division can occur in haploid (n) cells, diploid (2n) cells, triploid (3n) cells, and so on. M

What is malabsorption syndrome, Q. What is Malabsorption Syndrome? Did ...

Q. What is Malabsorption Syndrome? Did you know that a major part of the absorption of nutrients takes place in the small intestine and the set of enzymes involved in this proc

How does the structure of a chloroplast enable, How does the structure of a...

How does the structure of a chloroplast enable it to build up a concentration gradient of protons?  Chloroplasts have an inner membrane system having of thylakoids. The pumpin

Zooflagellates – protozoan, Zooflagellates – Protozoan Zooflagellates ...

Zooflagellates – Protozoan Zooflagellates are heterotrophs that are free living, commensals or symbiotic or parasitic in other animals. A number of species eg. Trichonynzpha a

What is the typical localization of the tropical forests, What is the typic...

What is the typical localization of the tropical forests regarding latitude? The Tropical rain forests, like the Congo forest and the Amazon forest, are typically located in lo

What is fermentation, What is fermentation? Name any two organic compounds ...

What is fermentation? Name any two organic compounds formed in this process

What is the neuromuscular synapse, Q. What is the neuromuscular synapse? ...

Q. What is the neuromuscular synapse? Neuromuscular synapse is the structure through which the neural impulse passes from the axon of a motor neuron to the muscle cell. This st

Diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia, The most recent blood work of a pa...

The most recent blood work of a patient with a diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) reveals thrombocytopenia. Where is the patient most likely to experience abnormal bleed

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd