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Object Oriented model:An object has values stored in instance variables within the object. An object also has bodies of code that execute on the object. These bodies of code are named methods. Objects that have same kinds of values and the same functions are grouped together into classes. The object-oriented paradigm gives the programmer to address the complexity of a problem domain by obtaining the problem not as a set of methods that can be operated but primarily as a set of interacting, related Objects. The modeling task then is specifying, for a specific context, those Objects, their respective group of Methods and Properties, shared by all Objects group members of the Class.
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
What are referential integrity constraints? A value that appears in single relation for a given set of attributes also appears for a particular set of attributes in another rel
Rules Of Data Normalisation Let us now summarise Normalisation with the help of various clean rules. The following are the necessary rules for the Normalisation process: 1.
Complete replication: It implies maintaining of a whole copy of the database at every site. Thus, the reliability & availability and performance for query response are maximized.
Gaps in sequence values can happen when: - A rollback happens that is when a statement changes are not accepted. - When the system crashes - When a sequence i
State The position of object at any moment is called state. An object can have many states depend upon time. After receiving some input instructions, the object can change its
Reflects organisational structure: Many organizations are distributed over various locations. If an organisation has many offices in dissimilar cities, databases used in such an ap
What is trigger Triggers are statements that are implemented automatically by the system as the side effect of a change to the database.
What is data independence? Data Independence: Techniques which permit data to be changed without affecting the applications in which procedure it. There are two types of data
Parallelism of transaction execution: A transaction can be divided into various sub-queries that can operate on fragments in parallel. This enhances the degree of concurrency in t
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