Define alum (aluminum sulfate) caogulation, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Define Alum (aluminum sulfate) Caogulation

Purchased as dry or liquid alum { Al₂(SO₄)₃,14 H₂O}, MW 594 (other formulas with varying number of water molecules also used)
48.8% alum and rest water
When alum is added to water containing alkalinity (pH 5.5 to 8.)

Each mole of alum uses 6 moles of alkalinity (HCO^-₃) and produces 2 moles of aluminum hydroxide (solid precipitate) and 6 moles of CO₂ which decreases the ph
However due to the presence of alkalinity pH won't lower drastically If there is not enough alkalinity, lime (either as CaO or Ca(OH)₂ ) or soda ash (Na₂CO₃) can be added to prevent pH from lowering due to the coagulation reaction.

Related Discussions:- Define alum (aluminum sulfate) caogulation

State the ground water levels, Ground Water Levels The location of the...

Ground Water Levels The location of the ground water level is essential for deep excavation, water-logged areas. The existing wells in the nearby vicinity of the proposed site

Direct levelling, to find height difference between two or more points in d...

to find height difference between two or more points in different conditions

How do you determine specific gravity of cement, Cement is usually purchase...

Cement is usually purchased as a powdery substance that is mixed with sand, aggregate, gravel, and water to form concrete. As the cement itself is usually a powder, it is hard to c

Lubrication of rail joint, Lubrication of rail joints is one of the importa...

Lubrication of rail joints is one of the important items of permanent way works incidental to systematic track maintenance, the lubrication of joints is done for the following purp

Colour code, in colour working drawing what are the colour code?

in colour working drawing what are the colour code?

Optimum binder content in bituminous pavement, Q. Optimum binder content in...

Q. Optimum binder content in bituminous pavement? Amount of binder to be added to a bituminous mixture can't be too excessive or too little. Principle of designing the optimum

Laplace transform, Using Laplace transfom, the following differential equat...

Using Laplace transfom, the following differential equation d y dy dt reduces to the algebraic equation of the form Resolve y(s) into partial fractions

Maximum shear stress , the propane gas tank has an inner diameter of 1500mm...

the propane gas tank has an inner diameter of 1500mm and wall thickness of 15mm. If the wall is pressurized to 2MPa, determine the absolute maximum shear stress in the wall of tank

Design of prestressed concrete pipes, Design of prestressed concrete pipes ...

Design of prestressed concrete pipes The design of prestressed concrete pipes should cover the following five stages : (a) Circumferential prestressing, winding with or wit

Tests on cement, Tests on Cement: The following tests are conducted o...

Tests on Cement: The following tests are conducted on cement in a project site: Setting Time Initial setting time Final setting time Compressive Streng

Write Your Message!

Name

Email id

Message

Verfication Code

User Account

All Pages