Define alum (aluminum sulfate) caogulation, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Define Alum (aluminum sulfate) Caogulation

Purchased as dry or liquid alum { Al₂(SO₄)₃,14 H₂O}, MW 594 (other formulas with varying number of water molecules also used)
48.8% alum and rest water
When alum is added to water containing alkalinity (pH 5.5 to 8.)

Each mole of alum uses 6 moles of alkalinity (HCO^-₃) and produces 2 moles of aluminum hydroxide (solid precipitate) and 6 moles of CO₂ which decreases the ph
However due to the presence of alkalinity pH won't lower drastically If there is not enough alkalinity, lime (either as CaO or Ca(OH)₂ ) or soda ash (Na₂CO₃) can be added to prevent pH from lowering due to the coagulation reaction.

Related Discussions:- Define alum (aluminum sulfate) caogulation

Design the water supply system a high service tank, Q. There is a railway c...

Q. There is a railway colony of 500 house holds source of water is from a tube well 800 m away. The colony is 10 m higher then the ground at source. Tube well is 60 meters deep. De

Construction of the building, a) Certain data for the materials used in the...

a) Certain data for the materials used in the construction of the building, e,g, insulation, building materials, air spaces, etc. b) Draw, with appropriate dimensions, the cro

Simply supported beam, draw the shear force and bending moments of a beam

draw the shear force and bending moments of a beam

Couple, define of couple

define of couple

Bridge enginering, component of bridge flooring

component of bridge flooring

Determine the governing effective length of a steel column, Determine the g...

Determine the governing effective length of a steel column? Determine the governing effective length of a W12 x 106 steel column that is 12' high, pinned at each end, and

Avoidance of designing acute angle of concrete pavement, Q. Avoidance of de...

Q. Avoidance of designing acute angle of concrete pavement The stress persuaded in acute angle corners of concrete pavement is far much higher than right-angle corners of the

Effective width of span, write short note of effective width of span

write short note of effective width of span

State the coulomb earth pressure theory, A masonry wall with vertical back ...

A masonry wall with vertical back has a backfill 5 m behind it. The ground level is horizontal at the top and the ground water table is at ground level. Measured the horizontal pre

Define vertical curves - transportation, Define Vertical Curves - Transpor...

Define Vertical Curves - Transportation 1) Vertical curves are used to change the grade of a highway. 2) Most vertical curves take the shape of an equal-tangent parabola.

Write Your Message!

Name

Email id

Message

Verfication Code

User Account

All Pages