Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Data rates in PSTNs:
A voice channel in a PSTN is band limited with a nominal bandwidth of 3.1 kHz. A first-cut estimate of this can be attained from Nyquist's theorem that applies to noiseless channels and states:
R = 2H log V bps
Where
R = maximum data rate H = bandwidth of the channel V = number of discrete levels in the signal
For a 3-kHz channel and a binary signal, maximum data rate works out to be 600 bps, if channel is ideal. In a practical channel, maximum rate would come down. By increasing number of levels used to signify the signal, bit rate can be increased arbitrarily in a noiseless channel. It is significant to recognize that actual number of signal transitions is still limited to binary level limit; effective bit rate goes up with more than twosignal levels as each signal level can nowsignify a group of two or more bits. Maximum rate of signal transitions which can be supported by a channel is called symbol rate or baud rate. In a channel where noise is present, there is an absolute maximum limit for the bit rate. This limit arises as the difference between two signal levels becomes comparable to the noise level when number of signal level is increased. Claude Shannon extended Nyquist's work to case of noisy channels affected by thermal or random noise. Shannon's result defines;
R = H log (1+S/N)
Where R= the maximum bit rate obtainable
H= bandwidth of the channel
S/N = signal to noise ratio.
Q. What do you mean by Output Voltage Swing? Ideally this is equal to the difference between the two supply rail voltages, although in practice it is a few volts less.
write assignment on thevenin theorem
Q. Write short note on storage oscilloscopes. Sol. Storage Oscilloscope: The bistable storage tube is between two to ten times slower than a comparable variable persistence
i have an assignment related to magnetic field i have attached the( MRI assignment sheet)[1] please read it carefully in the assignment 2 methods to get the results - one by
what are the grond clearance for 220KV overhead transmission lines?
Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Q. Show Binary Coded Decimal Number System? If we analysis single digit values for hex, the numbers 0 - F, they represent the values 0 - 15 in decimal, and occupy a nibble. Fre
QUESTION: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves (a) Illustrate with help of diagrams the Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical coordinate systems. (b) Lay down the assumptions fo
What do you understand by orthographic projection ? Illustrate with the help of Matrix representation.
Two byte Instructions In these instruction the first byte specifies the operations code and the second byte specifies the operand. To identify two byte instructions o
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd