Cow-pox (vaccinia), Biology

Assignment Help:

Epidemiology: This infection, although mostly occurring in cows, sometimes also occurs in buffaloes. Under natural conditions, the infection takes place through inoculation by the cutaneous route and readily spreads from one animal to another through the agency of milkers.The occurrence of cow-pox is frequently associated with the incidence of small- pox in human beings. Instances are on record in which cow-pox in all stages has been transmitted through the milkers. The reservoir host of cow pox virus is rodents. The cowpox infection in domestic cats often causes more severe disease than cattle or humans. In cheetahs pneumonia is common and is accompanied with a high mortality rate.


Symptoms: After an incubation period of 2 to 5 days, there is some rise in body temperature. The animal develops pin-point red spots and papules of the size of mustard or sago which can be felt by hand. Later, these papules coalesce into vesicles. Papules occurring on the udder are generally circular, but those on the teats are elongated. The lesions heal in the course of 15 to 20 days and the udder and the teats regain their normal appearance. In males, the disease is very often unnoticed, because the lesions, beings on the scrotum and inside of the thighs, are often covered with dirt and consequently hidden from view.


Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is based on the lesions, virus isolation in cell- cultures and chick embryos and electron microscopy of skin scrapings.Treatment, prevention and control: The lesions heal by themselves in the normal course and the adoption of special measures is not called for; only the usual rules of hygiene need to be observed. The lesions should be cleaned with a 1:1,000 solution of potassium permanganate followed by the application of an antiseptic ointment such as 1:10 boric acid. The affected animals should be isolated and milked by separate attendants. Milk from affected animals should be boiled before use. If the disease assumes serious proportions, vaccination may be undertaken by scarification in the perineum with calf lymph or with material collected from lesions from the affected animal.


Related Discussions:- Cow-pox (vaccinia)

How many cellular nuclei does the pollen tube of angiosperms, Q. How many c...

Q. How many cellular nuclei does the pollen tube of angiosperms have? What is ploidy of each of these nuclei? The pollen tube explicitly the mature male gametophyte of angiospe

Modern biochemistry and cell physiology, This problem set is a little diffe...

This problem set is a little different, in that it is one large project/problem. To answer it, you must write a short single-spaced typed report of 4-5 pages MAXIMUM. Here is the p

Nutrition of embryo sac, Nutrition of Embryo Sac The morphology of th...

Nutrition of Embryo Sac The morphology of the ovule suggests that the chalazal end is the main route for the entry of nutrients. The funicular vascular supply ends at the bas

Cytology, Cytology: The study of form or culture including the behavior of ...

Cytology: The study of form or culture including the behavior of nucleus and other organelles is called cytology. Cytology means "the study of cells". Cytology is the branch of lif

Patent ductus arteriosus , Patent Ductus Arteriosus  (PDA)   PDA is one...

Patent Ductus Arteriosus  (PDA)   PDA is one of  the most common cardiac anomalies. It occurs twice as frequently in girls as in boys.  In patent ductus Arteriosus there is

Explain single pan balance and Electronic Digital Balance, Explain single p...

Explain single pan balance and Electronic Digital Balance? Single Pan Balance: This is a very sensitive balance used for weighing quantities less than 10 grams. It accurately w

Aortic and pulmonary orifices, These circular orifices are located at the u...

These circular orifices are located at the upper ends of the outflow parts of the left and right ventricles respectively. The pulmonary orifice which is 3 cms, is 0.5 cm larger tha

Illustrate the metabolism of cornea, Illustrate the metabolism of cornea? ...

Illustrate the metabolism of cornea? Metabolism of Cornea: The corneal epithelium plays several roles in the process of image formation. Its apical cell border interacts

Does every gene mutation cause alteration in the protein, Does every gene m...

Does every gene mutation cause alteration in the protein the gene normally codifies? Not each gene mutation causes alteration in the composition of the protein the gene codifie

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd