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We saw earlier that LT is not closed under concatenation. If we think in terms of the LT graphs, recognizing the concatenation of LT languages would seem to require knowing, while scanning a string in L1 . L2, for instance, when to switch from keeping track of factors for L1 to keeping track of factors from L2.
Assuming that the alphabets were not disjoint, there is (evidently, since LT is not closed under concatenation) no way, in general, to know that. For the recognizable languages, on the other hand, we have the convenience of being able to work with non-determinism. We don't actually have to know when to switch from one automaton to the next. Whenever we get to a point in the string that could possibly be the end of the pre?x that is in L1 we can just allow for a non-deterministic choice of whether to continue scanning for A1 (the machine recognizing L1) or to switch to scanning for A2. Since whenever the string is in L1 . L2 there will be some correct place to switch and since acceptance by a NFA requires only that there some accepting computation, the combined automaton will accept every string in L1 . L2. Moreover, the combined automaton will accept a string iff there is some point at which it can be split into a string accepted by A1 followed by one accepted by A2: it accepts all and only the strings in L1 . L2.
Our DFAs are required to have exactly one edge incident from each state for each input symbol so there is a unique next state for every current state and input symbol. Thus, the ne
Another way of interpreting a strictly local automaton is as a generator: a mechanism for building strings which is restricted to building all and only the automaton as an inexh
Theorem (Myhill-Nerode) A language L ⊆ Σ is recognizable iff ≡L partitions Σ* into ?nitely many Nerode equivalence classes. Proof: For the "only if" direction (that every recogn
Ask question #Minimum 100 words accepte
Construct a PDA that accepts { x#y | x, y in {a, b}* such that x ? y and xi = yi for some i, 1 = i = min(|x|, |y|) }. For your PDA to work correctly it will need to be non-determin
We developed the idea of FSA by generalizing LTk transition graphs. Not surprisingly, then, every LTk transition graph is also the transition graph of a FSA (in fact a DFA)-the one
The fact that the Recognition Problem is decidable gives us another algorithm for deciding Emptiness. The pumping lemma tells us that if every string x ∈ L(A) which has length grea
what is a bus and draw a single bus structure
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Theorem The class of ?nite languages is a proper subclass of SL. Note that the class of ?nite languages is closed under union and concatenation but SL is not closed under either. N
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