Q. Complications Causes by gastro oesophageal reflux disease?

Apart from the symptoms, which you have just read above, there are a few extra oesophageal manifestations of GERD. These include nausea and vomiting and erosive changes in dental enamel. Occasionally, patients present with occult upper gastrointestinal bleeding or with iron deficiency anaemia.

The main complications include:

• oesophagi it is (inflammation of the oesophagus),

• Bleeding, oesophageal erosions and ulcerations (frequent reflux of acid into the oesophagus), stricture (narrowing) of the intestines.

• Barrett's oesophagus (replacement of ulcerated squamous epithelium by a metaplastic intestinal-type epithelium), and

• adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. Reflux-induced injury to oesophageal tissue can result in tissue destruction and the development of oesophageal erosions or ulcerations.