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Buffers:
The Modern computers are able of handling I-O operations independent of the CPU by means of the hardware termed as data channel.
For illustration, if two buffers are allocated for an input file, the IOCS can fill- in one buffer whereas the program processes the records already read and accessible in the other buffer.
There are some restrictions when these procedures are used. (i) The Procedure should not contain any SORT/MERGE statement. (ii) An explicit transfer of the control outside
REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situation of a relative file, the REWRITE statement needs that the file should be opened in the I-O mode, and if the SEQENTIAL access mode is spec
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
THE SIMPLE SORT VERB: The process of sequencing the records in some preferred manner is termed as sorting. The Sorting is done upon some key data item in the record. For illus
INPUT AND OUTPUT PROCEDURE IN SORT STATEMENT: The common format of the SORT statement can write as shown below: The format of the RELEASE statement is as shown be
Abbreviation: The Consecutive relational conditions in a compound condition can be abbreviated in many cases as shown: (i) When the subjects in the consecutive relational c
PROGRAM FOR ADD CORRESPONDING: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Add Corresponding. identification division. program- id. environment division.
File Description for the Relative and Indexed Files: The FD entry for a relative or an indexed file is similar to that of a sequential file. Some compilers do not permit varia
FILLER CLAUSE: Consider the statements as shown below: 1) 01 f pic x(80) value all "-". This statement origins a line of 80 characters filled with "-"
PROGRAM FOR COMPUTE VERB: We have to write an easy program to elaborate the COMPUTE verb. Identification division. Program- id. compverb. Environment division. Da
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