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We can also use the logical operators to numbers directly and perform simple bit manipulation . The operators are
& Bitwise AND | Bitwise OR ^ Bitwise exclusive or ~ Bitwise one's complement i.e. NOT << Left shift >> Right shift
Example A 8 bit number represents a coded function, bit 3-4 describes the operation to be performed on the number in bits 0- 2 and 5-7 the function i.e. 00 Add 01 Subtract 10 Divide 11 Multiply Write a Program to extract the number and operation
Answer We need to extract the bits 3-4, the answer is bit operators Assume number is in the variable A i.e. 11011011 Mask off the first number i.e. bit 0-2 num1 = a & 0x07; 11011011 and 00000111 00000011 Mask off the second number i.e. bit 5 -7 num2 = a & 0xe0; 11011011 and 11100000 11000000 We need to shift num2 down by 5 places i.e. num2 = num2 >>5; 00000110
This could be done in one instruction i.e. num2 = (a & 0xe0) >> 5; Mask off the operation bits i.e. bit 4-5 operation = (a & 0x18) >> 3; We can then use the switch statement to select each operation switch(operation) { case 0: total = num1+num2; break; case 1: total = num1-num2; break; case 2: total = num1/num2; break; case 3: total = num1*num2; break; } Hence the entire program is #include void main() { char prompt; /*Author : Mr James Mc Carren Company: Staffordshire University Date: 26th August 2012 Version 1.0 Function : To show bit manipulation Modifications: none*/ int num1,num2,operation,total,a; printf("Please enter in the number\n\r"); scanf("%x",&a); num1 = a & 0x07; num2 = (a & 0xe0) >> 5 ; operation = (a & 0x18) >> 3; switch(operation) { case 0: total = num1+num2; break; case 1: total = num1-num2; break; case 2: total = num1/num2; break; case 3: total = num1*num2; break; } printf("The total is %d\n\r",total); printf("Press and key to exit \n\r"); scanf("\n%c",&prompt); }
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(a) Name five important activities involved in a digital forensic investigation. (b) Briefly describe the three types of data that a forensic examiner has to work with. Whic
Advantages of Encapsulation You can also delay the resolution of the details until after the design. You can keep your code modular.
What start bit and stop bit The first bit known as the Start bit is always a zero and it is used to show the beginning of the character The last bit is known as the stop bit
How do you create special files like named pipes and device files? The system call method forms special files in the following sequence. Kernel assigns new inode,
"Super ASCII", if it contains the character frequency equal to their ascii values. String will contain only lower case alphabets (''a''-''z'') and the ascii values will starts from
What does the c$ command do from command mode using Vi Editor? Ans) C$ will start from the character under the curser till the finish of line. So when you use this command it wi
Classification of Systems Systems may be categorized as follows: a) Formal or Informal b) Abstract or Physical c) Closed or Open d) Automated orManual.
specialization,ggeneralization and aggregation of railway reservation system?
is data bus is bidirectional
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