Agro industrial-abortions, Biology

Assignment Help:

Abortions


Abortion in dairy cattle is commonly defined as a loss of the foetus between the age of 42 days and approximately 260 days (buffaloes 300 days). It is important to differentiate non-infectious from infectious abortions. The prevalence of brucellosis (B. abortus) can have a disastrous effect on the pregnant herd with a high percentage of abortions.


Infectious agents are perhaps the most frequently thought of cause of bovine abortion. Bacteria which can cause abortion are Brucella, Leptospira, Haemophilus, Listeria, Ureaplasm, Mycoplasma. Viral infection which causes abortions are Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBR, BHV- 1). Protozoa causing venereal diseases and abortion are Campylobacter fetus ss. Venerealis, Trichomonas foetus and Neospora caninum. Late abortions are more likely to be seen with neosporosis, leptospirosis and Brucellosis. Earlier losses (often recognised only when cows are pregnancy-tested as empty) may be more likely to be due to pestivirus or vibriosis. Sporadic abortions may indicate that the herd is partly immune to the disease, and that the disease has been present for some time. Other toxic causes of abortions are silo gas, severe nitrate or prussic acid poisoning and toxic plants, mycotic infections, selenium and vitamin A and E and iodine deficiency. Uses of cortisone or prostaglandin in pregnant cows, injury, domestic pets spreading infectious agents among cattle, are some of the other causes of abortions. While brucellosis – which can be sporadic, enzootic or epizootic – is highly infectious and varies with such factors as climate, the extent of control measures, and nutritional state of the animal. In populations suffering from brucellosis the incidence of abortion can be higher than 10% of established pregnancies. The incidence of abortions however, is less than 2% in populations free of brucellosis. The role of the veterinarian is important to recognize each case of abortion in order to establish a correct diagnosis and undertake appropriate treatment.


Related Discussions:- Agro industrial-abortions

Explain the food applications of gum arabic, Explain the Food Applications ...

Explain the Food Applications of Gum Arabic A major use for gum Arabic is in the confectionery industry where it has two important functions; to retard or to prevent crysta

Circulatory system, Circulatio n I n  Animal Circulation is served ...

Circulatio n I n  Animal Circulation is served by a fluid as blood/ lymph that circulates through the body in a regular manner, receiving & distributing materials in the wa

Explain the lateral and the apical buds of the plants, What is the differen...

What is the difference between the lateral and the apical buds of the plants? Lateral buds are portions of meristematic tissue situated in the base of the shoots. Apical bud

The control group should be identical, If you have a control group for your...

If you have a control group for your experience, which of the following statements is true? A. The control group should be identical to each test group with the exception of one va

What is osmotic pressure, What is osmotic pressure? Osmotic pressure is...

What is osmotic pressure? Osmotic pressure is the pressure formed in an aqueous solution by a region of lower solute concentration upon a region of higher solute concentration

What is mefloquine, What is Mefloquine Mefloquine is taken once weekly,...

What is Mefloquine Mefloquine is taken once weekly, but recent reports of serious psychiatric adverse effects have prompted the manufacturer, along with the FDA, to strengthen

Explain ventilation and niv, Explain Ventilation (NIV)? This refers to ...

Explain Ventilation (NIV)? This refers to the use of mechanical ventilatory support without the use of an endotracheal tube. NIV may be by the application of a continuous posit

Alkaloids, Miscellaneous antinutritional substances Alkaloids: Alkal...

Miscellaneous antinutritional substances Alkaloids: Alkaloids represent a large and structurally diverse group of compounds present within angiosperm plants; the majority of

The first carbon having 2 h atoms, Given a polymer backbone of H-C-C with t...

Given a polymer backbone of H-C-C with the first carbon having 2 H atoms attached and the 2nd carbon with 3 atoms attached, a bond with a water molecule attaches to the left H atom

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd