Agro industrial-abortions, Biology

Assignment Help:

Abortions


Abortion in dairy cattle is commonly defined as a loss of the foetus between the age of 42 days and approximately 260 days (buffaloes 300 days). It is important to differentiate non-infectious from infectious abortions. The prevalence of brucellosis (B. abortus) can have a disastrous effect on the pregnant herd with a high percentage of abortions.


Infectious agents are perhaps the most frequently thought of cause of bovine abortion. Bacteria which can cause abortion are Brucella, Leptospira, Haemophilus, Listeria, Ureaplasm, Mycoplasma. Viral infection which causes abortions are Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBR, BHV- 1). Protozoa causing venereal diseases and abortion are Campylobacter fetus ss. Venerealis, Trichomonas foetus and Neospora caninum. Late abortions are more likely to be seen with neosporosis, leptospirosis and Brucellosis. Earlier losses (often recognised only when cows are pregnancy-tested as empty) may be more likely to be due to pestivirus or vibriosis. Sporadic abortions may indicate that the herd is partly immune to the disease, and that the disease has been present for some time. Other toxic causes of abortions are silo gas, severe nitrate or prussic acid poisoning and toxic plants, mycotic infections, selenium and vitamin A and E and iodine deficiency. Uses of cortisone or prostaglandin in pregnant cows, injury, domestic pets spreading infectious agents among cattle, are some of the other causes of abortions. While brucellosis – which can be sporadic, enzootic or epizootic – is highly infectious and varies with such factors as climate, the extent of control measures, and nutritional state of the animal. In populations suffering from brucellosis the incidence of abortion can be higher than 10% of established pregnancies. The incidence of abortions however, is less than 2% in populations free of brucellosis. The role of the veterinarian is important to recognize each case of abortion in order to establish a correct diagnosis and undertake appropriate treatment.


Related Discussions:- Agro industrial-abortions

Silver point extended below canal orifice-endodontics, Silver point extende...

Silver point extended below canal orifice: - This discrepancy between the round silver wire and an irregularly shaped canal provides the clinician with an opportunity to use so

Show the characteristic of the dna molecule, Q. One characteristic of the D...

Q. One characteristic of the DNA molecule is its replication capability. What are the consequences of failures during the DNA replication? Ideally the DNA molecule should replicate

Nutritional deficiency, Iron deficiency should be treated with supplemental...

Iron deficiency should be treated with supplemental iron. • Osteoporosis should be treated with calcium and vitamin D supplements. • Depending on individual factors, patien

Differences between budding and fission, Differences between Budding and Fi...

Differences between Budding and Fission Both budding and fission are identical in at least one way in that the young ones produced by these procedures are the result of direct

Mycotic diseases, Mycotic diseases Mycotic (fungal) diseases of animal...

Mycotic diseases Mycotic (fungal) diseases of animals and birds are of considerable importance both from public health and economic point of view. The fungi responsible for an

Investigation of tricuspid regurgitation by echo doppler, Q. Investigation ...

Q. Investigation of Tricuspid regurgitation by Echo Doppler? Investigations ECG in secondary TR shows evidence of right atrial overload and right ventricular hypertrophy

Agarose gel electrophoresis, Agarose gel electrophoresis  is the method to ...

Agarose gel electrophoresis  is the method to analyze the size of the DNA (or RNA) fragments. In the presence of an electric field, bigger fragments of DNA move through a gel slowe

Types of axons, Types of Axons Axons are of two types Mye...

Types of Axons Axons are of two types Myelinated and Non-myelinated In the case of myelinated axons the neurilemma is ensheathed by another cover

#biology, why do ecological models commonly have limited applications ?

why do ecological models commonly have limited applications ?

Animal pharming, A n i m a l pharming Using animals...

A n i m a l pharming Using animals as bioreactors is also cost-effective and advantageous because animals naturally carry the cellular mechanisms needed to

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd