Agro industrial-abortions, Biology

Assignment Help:

Abortions


Abortion in dairy cattle is commonly defined as a loss of the foetus between the age of 42 days and approximately 260 days (buffaloes 300 days). It is important to differentiate non-infectious from infectious abortions. The prevalence of brucellosis (B. abortus) can have a disastrous effect on the pregnant herd with a high percentage of abortions.


Infectious agents are perhaps the most frequently thought of cause of bovine abortion. Bacteria which can cause abortion are Brucella, Leptospira, Haemophilus, Listeria, Ureaplasm, Mycoplasma. Viral infection which causes abortions are Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBR, BHV- 1). Protozoa causing venereal diseases and abortion are Campylobacter fetus ss. Venerealis, Trichomonas foetus and Neospora caninum. Late abortions are more likely to be seen with neosporosis, leptospirosis and Brucellosis. Earlier losses (often recognised only when cows are pregnancy-tested as empty) may be more likely to be due to pestivirus or vibriosis. Sporadic abortions may indicate that the herd is partly immune to the disease, and that the disease has been present for some time. Other toxic causes of abortions are silo gas, severe nitrate or prussic acid poisoning and toxic plants, mycotic infections, selenium and vitamin A and E and iodine deficiency. Uses of cortisone or prostaglandin in pregnant cows, injury, domestic pets spreading infectious agents among cattle, are some of the other causes of abortions. While brucellosis – which can be sporadic, enzootic or epizootic – is highly infectious and varies with such factors as climate, the extent of control measures, and nutritional state of the animal. In populations suffering from brucellosis the incidence of abortion can be higher than 10% of established pregnancies. The incidence of abortions however, is less than 2% in populations free of brucellosis. The role of the veterinarian is important to recognize each case of abortion in order to establish a correct diagnosis and undertake appropriate treatment.


Related Discussions:- Agro industrial-abortions

Deer, How does a deer feed

How does a deer feed

Explain the small intestine, Explain the Small Intestine? The small int...

Explain the Small Intestine? The small intestine is made up of three sections, the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Bile from the liver and pancreatic enzymes are released

#title., 15 character of protozoa

15 character of protozoa

By which term liverworts and mosses are characterized, Liverworts and mosse...

Liverworts and mosses are characterized by their lack of vascular conducting tissue. These two groups of liverwort, plants and mosses, are known by which of the below terms: a)

Types of leukemia, Types of Leukemia Leukaemia may be chronic  or acut...

Types of Leukemia Leukaemia may be chronic  or acute and is classified  into  the  following  categories:  i)  Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia (ALL) This is  the most comm

Define vapor-pressure lowering and osmotic pressure, Define Vapor-pressure ...

Define Vapor-pressure lowering and Osmotic pressure? 1. Vapor-pressure lowering: the decrease in the vapor pressure of a solution containing nonvolatile solutes, compared to th

Removal of a patient''s peripheral intravenous catheter, Removal of a patie...

Removal of a patient's peripheral intravenous catheter resulted in brief bleeding and the loss of a small amount of blood. Which of the following processes occurred during the form

Stomata can open and close in response to changes in the co2, Stomata can o...

Stomata can open and close in response to changes in the CO 2 concentration inside the leaf. Would you expect stomata to open or close if the CO 2 concentration decreased? Explai

Sample outline of child history questionnaire, Sample Outline of Child Hist...

Sample Outline of Child History Questionnaire Basic identifying data: Child's name Date of birth Date of evaluation Person referring for evaluation Per

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd