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Agriculture on a large scale:
Crops had to be planted and harvested in the right season. Floods were a recurrent phenomenon in the river valleys, for which it was essential to be prepared beforehand. The observation of sun and stars to fix the length of a year became so precise that already in 2700 B.C., the Egyptians were able to fix it at 365.2422 days! Sumerians and their successors in Mesopotamia adjusted t'he solar (sun-based) and lunar (moon-based) calendars through accurate observations. They invented the sexagesimal system of 360 degrees in a circle (near enough to the days in a year), 60 minutes in an hour, 60 seconds in a minute. The exercises were carried out using mathematical tables and ied to algebra and arithmetic of the later epochs. Another occupation that came to be very prestigious with the growth of cities was that of medicine. Although the practice of medicine was limited to treating wounds, dislocations, fractures etc., the practitioners could successfully diagnose many diseases. They could compare cases with one another, notice different diseases and record them. From such descriptions, orally passed on to later generations, arose the sciences of anatomy and physiology. Practitioners of medicine also had the knowledge of plants and mineral substances to prepare drugs for various diseases. They grew plants and herbs for this purpose. It is from this source that the science of botany arose later. The basis for chemistry was laid in the observations and practices of jewellers, metal- workers and potters. They knew about at least nine chemical elements-gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, mercury, iron, sulphur and carbon, and also about a variety of dry and liquid reagents. The process of smelting ores, of purifying metals, of colouring them, of adding enamel%-all involve complex chemical reactions that were learnt by many trials and experiments. However, chemistry never rose to the rank of a recognised science in the 'Bronze Age.
Another way to show that air expands when heated Snap a toy balloon over the neck of a small bottle and place the bottle in a pan of warm water.
Enzyme immobilizatio:- The attachment of an enzyme to a solid matrix so that it cannot escape but can still act on its substrate. .
HAZARDS IN THE LABORATORY : Laboratories in the biology department of schools, colleges and universities and other higher level organisation such as hospitals, veterinary esta
Evidence Favouring the Big Bang One piece of evidence comes from the expansion of the universe which we have already described. The expanding universe suggests that the matt
Moisture comes from home plants Place a cellophane bag over a leaf of some house plant or garden plant and close the end about the stem with a rubber band. Make an observation
Explain the Adrenal Medulla The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine or adrenaline and norepinephrine or noradrenaline. The secretory cells of the medulla are modified postgang
why are insulators so hard to find
Advantages of water in chemical weathering Water is an essential factor of chemical weathering and when it contains dissolved salts and acids it is all the more effective. It
What is the difference among a canyon, gorge, and valley? The easiest way to answer this is to describe each term, so you can see: 1) A canyon is a deep valley with steep si
Forebrain: The largest part of the brain that you see in Fig. is the cerebrum. It consists of two halves or hemispheres joined together by a band of nerve fibres. Intere
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