Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

Deficiency diseases-pregnancy toxaemia in sheep , Pregnancy toxaemia in she...

Pregnancy toxaemia in sheep (twin lamb disease, sleeping ewes disease, pregnancy ketosis). Pregnancy toxaemia is a multifactor disorder of energy metabolism affecting sheep du

Population, Population was defined by Clarke in 1954. The term populat...

Population was defined by Clarke in 1954. The term population refers to the total number of individuals of a sp. occupying a particular geographic aera at a given time. A s

Flow cytometry, Flow cytometry is an analysis of biological material by de...

Flow cytometry is an analysis of biological material by detection of light- absorbing or fluorescing properties of cells or subcellular fractions (that is chromosomes) passing in

Explain historical example of connecting models and data, Explain Historica...

Explain Historical Example of connecting models and data? An excellent instance of a program that links theory and data is collaborative work on the population dynamics of flou

Agro industrial-packaging, Packaging Compound feeds, whether in mash o...

Packaging Compound feeds, whether in mash or pellet form, are packed in bags or stored in bins. Bags may be filled directly from mixers, pellet coolers or holding bins and wei

Procedures for diagnosis - nucleic acid hybridization, Nucleic acid hybridi...

Nucleic acid hybridization: This is a process by which a suitably labeled DNA or RNA from a known infectious agent is used to probe its complementary sequence unique to t

How depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane generated, How is the de...

How is the depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane generated? How does the cell return to its original rest? When the neuron receives a stimulus by the binding of neurot

Size of ecosystem, Size of Ecosystem As you know an ecosystem may be as...

Size of Ecosystem As you know an ecosystem may be as small and as simple as a cow dung pad or as complex and large as an ocean or the biosphere itself, comprising a wide variet

Methodology of environmental impact assessment, Environmental impact assess...

Environmental impact assessment consists of 4 phases which are as follows: (i)  Organizing the job. (ii)   Performing the assessment. (iii) Writing the environmental impac

Amino acids and peptide bonds-protein structure, Amino Acids and Peptide Bo...

Amino Acids and Peptide Bonds, Protein Structure - The graduate can construct models of the structure and function of amino acids and peptide bonds, predict ionization of an amin

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd