Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

Psychological theories, Elsie is 75 and enjoys attending the women's Instit...

Elsie is 75 and enjoys attending the women's Institute and doing volunteer work in a local charity shop for a hospice. She is finding herself forgetting small things, and can't alw

Obelia, economic importance

economic importance

Genetics, how does the universality of the genetic code make recombinant DN...

how does the universality of the genetic code make recombinant DNA technology possible

Adults with infective endocarditis, Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has emerged...

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has emerged as a prominent, predisposing structural cardiac abnormality and in adults accounts for 7 to 30 per cent of NVE in cases not related to drug

Radiolarians, In the living condition (found in sea) you would be able to o...

In the living condition (found in sea) you would be able to observe the following features in radiolarians: The cytoplasm is divided by a perforated and chitinous metnbrane into

How is the brain involved in the immune system, How is the brain involved i...

How is the brain involved in the immune system? A. Immune cells that constitute body's biological defense against infections and toxins, have many things in common with nerve c

Sucrose is non sugar but maltose and lactose are not. why?, Sucrose is a no...

Sucrose is a non-reducing Sugar while Maltose and Lactose are reducing due to the presence of free Aldehydic Functional Group in them. In SUgar the Aldehydic Group of both Glucose

What do you understand by myoglobin, Q. What is myoglobin? What is the func...

Q. What is myoglobin? What is the function of this molecule in the muscle tissue? Myoglobin is a present in muscle pigment and fibers similar to hemoglobin. Myoglobin has a gre

What is biological magnification, a) What is biological magnification? ...

a) What is biological magnification? b) Describe how DDT as a water pollutant undergoes biological magnification?

Bone loss - criteria for endosteal implants, Q. Bone Loss - criteria for en...

Q. Bone Loss - criteria for endosteal implants? Crestal bone loss after intial healing is a primary indicator of the need for initial preventive therapy. Early loss of crestal

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd