Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

To study the structure of a seed, To study the structure of a seed Soak...

To study the structure of a seed Soak seeds of bean, pea, pumpkin, sunflower, corn and other large forms. Take away the seed- coats and carefully cut the seeds open. Discover t

What do you mean by bleeding index, Q. What do you mean by Bleeding Index? ...

Q. What do you mean by Bleeding Index? This factor is applicable at this stage to evaluate the health of one stage implants in which the transmucosal component allows the forma

Explain about the smoking - methods of food processing, Explain about the S...

Explain about the Smoking - methods of food processing? Smoking was known as a method of food preservation at an early date. Foods are exposed to smokes by burning some special

Guanine, Guanine is one of the nitrogenous bases in the nucleic acids, gua...

Guanine is one of the nitrogenous bases in the nucleic acids, guanine is one of the two purine bases.

Are environmental phenotypical changes transmitted offspring, Are environme...

Are environmental phenotypical changes transmitted to the offspring? Changes caused on the phenotypes by the environment are not transmitted to the offspring unless their prima

Explain the aseptic technique - sub culturing, Explain the Aseptic Techniqu...

Explain the Aseptic Technique - Sub Culturing? Aseptic technique is a series of procedures used to prevent contamination of cultures and sterile culture media. It is one of the

What is st elevation, Q. What is ST Elevation? Although a stable LV ane...

Q. What is ST Elevation? Although a stable LV aneurysm may manifest ST-segment elevation in the precordial leads at rest. Some subjects with normal hearts show a degree of elev

What are the degenerative diseases of the nervous system, Q. What are the m...

Q. What are the main degenerative diseases of the nervous system? The major degenerative diseases of the nervous system are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The

How rb proteins phosphorylation affects the cell cycle, How Rb protein's ph...

How Rb protein's phosphorylation state affects the cell cycle and cancer progression. please put link or citation of where you find information.

Explain about bone lining cells, Explain about Bone lining cells Bone ...

Explain about Bone lining cells Bone lining cells are basically inactive osteoblasts (in terms of making bone) that line bone surfaces. Osteocytes are osteoblasts that have be

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd