Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

BLOOD CELLS, What is the function of platelets?

What is the function of platelets?

What is the procedure of normal saline dressing, What is the Procedure of N...

What is the Procedure of Normal saline dressing 1. First collect the supplies near the patient. Place should be clean with good lighting where it is easy to work. Use a newspap

Maternity and child health & family planning, M A TERNIT Y AND CHILD HEA...

M A TERNIT Y AND CHILD HEALTH & FAMILY PLANNING - 1.       The health centers give necessary information, guidance & assistance to mother before & after delivery pregnant wo

What are the general necessities for surgery, General necessities for surge...

General necessities for surgery The actual surgical technique of dental implant placement, it would be appropriate to recapitulate the basic principles of surgery. The two prin

Determine the increase in the length of the right knee, What is the respons...

What is the response to enhance in the length of the right knee extensors in response to a quick tap applied to the right patellar tendon?  An increase in the amount of    A. o

Psychology, Psychology : This is the study of human mind. On other words Ps...

Psychology : This is the study of human mind. On other words Psychology is the science of behavior or mental processes. Its immediate aim is to understand the individuals or groups

Explain alterations occurring in fruits and vegetables, Alterations occurri...

Alterations occurring in fruits and vegetables You may already be aware that fruits and vegetables vary greatly in their chemical composition. Though, some generalizations are

Is water a polar or a non-polar molecule, Is water a polar or a non-polar m...

Is water a polar or a non-polar molecule? What is the consequence of that characteristic for the function of water as solvent? Water is made of two atoms of hydrogen attached b

Infertility, what is the remedy of infertility

what is the remedy of infertility

What is the genetic disease in which this factor is absent, What is factor ...

What is factor VIII? What is the genetic disease in which this factor is absent? Factor VIII has the function of activating factor X that in its turn is essential for the trans

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd