Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

Explain about the physiological accommodation, Explain about the Physiologi...

Explain about the Physiological Accommodation Physiological Accommodation contractile power of the ciliary muscle required to change the focussing power of the eye by ID. Meas

Blastulation, Blastulation  Formation of blastula from morula is called...

Blastulation  Formation of blastula from morula is called as blastulation. During early cleavage the blastomere maintain spherical shape and mulberry like, this stage of emb

Explain the health economics, Explain the Health Economics? Health econ...

Explain the Health Economics? Health economics concentrates on application of the principles and rules of economics in the sphere of health. In broad terms, it includes analysi

Determine the use of water soluble vitamin A, Water soluble Vitamin A  ...

Water soluble Vitamin A  Water soluble vitamin A is a yellowish green, slightly turbid, fluorescent liquid of faint characteristic odour. The taste is at first faintly sweet an

Explain the flexibility exercises and its examples, Flexibility Exercises a...

Flexibility Exercises and Examples In  flexibility exercises, movable joints allow one or more of the following types of movements. Flexion - Flexion decreases the joint ang

Define protein requirements of children up to age of 2 years, Define protei...

Define protein requirements of children up to age of 2 years? Infants and children up to age of 2 years should consume about 40% energy from fat (i.e. 40 en%). Fat is an import

What are two specific actions in this, The major ecological imbalance on Ea...

The major ecological imbalance on Earth is between the human species and the rest of Earth's biota. What are two specific actions we could do to achieve a balance (for example, rec

Fragmentation, Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NON...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Hemocytometer, A device called a hemocytometer is often used to estimate th...

A device called a hemocytometer is often used to estimate the number of cells in a culture. Cells are suspended in fluid. A small volume of the fluid is placed into a special chamb

Define the functional properties of hydrocolloids, Define the functional pr...

Define the functional properties of hydrocolloids The hydrocolloids not only have the functional properties but also have nutritional characteristics. Most polysaccharide gums

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd