Absorption of glucose, Biology

Assignment Help:

Absorption of Glucose

Let us first consider the absorption of glucose from the gut lumen. (Refer to LSE-01, Units 7 and 8). The molecule involved in absorption of glucose is known as cotransporter because it couples the transport of a glucose molecule with that of a sodium ion. The energy needed is provided by the movement of sodium ion along its gradient. The cotransporter enables cells lining the lumen of intestine to absorb even quite small traces of glucose from food even though the epithelial cells may already have high concentrations of glucose inside them. Once inside the cell, the sodium ion is pumped out by ATP energised active transport and the glucose molecule is transferred to the blood stream through another transporter molecule, Glu T2, along its concentration gradient. Glu T2 transports glucose in proportion to the sugar concentration present in the blood. If more glucose is present in the blood, transport is slowed and if glucose content of blood is low then transport is accelerated.

985_Absorption of Glucose.png

Figure: Suggested mechanism for absorption of glucose. Na+ and glucose are transported together through carrier molecule or cotransporter located in the membrane. Inside the cell, sodium moves out by ATP pump and glucose is taken by a transporter molecule to the blood.

Experimental evidence shows that at least 4 transport processes for amino acids occur in the mammalian gut. Two for neutral amino acids, one for basic and one for acidic amino acid. Another separate transport system exists for dipeptides and tripeptides. Once inside the cell, these breakdown into constituent amino acids by intracellular peptidases. The sugar and amino acids reach the circulatory system from where similar mechanisms use the sodium gradient to transport amino acids and - glucose to the various tissues of the body.


Related Discussions:- Absorption of glucose

Blunt injury, Blunt Injury Closed penumothorax  Tension pneumoth...

Blunt Injury Closed penumothorax  Tension pneumothorax  Tracheobronchial injury  Fracture ribs and flail chest  Mediastinal injury

What are the physical signs of mitral stenosis, Q. What are the Physical Si...

Q. What are the Physical Signs of mitral stenosis? A typical malar flush is described in mitral stenosis. It is difficult to appreciate in Indians. Pulse is normal or low volum

Name the rich source of aerobic bacteria, 1. Biogas is produced by the acti...

1. Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on animal waste 2. Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle 3. Biogas, commonly called goba

What is the cell theory, Cell theory is a theory that asserts that the cell...

Cell theory is a theory that asserts that the cell is the ingredient unit of the living beings. Before the discovery of the cell, it was not examined that the living beings were

Gel electrophoresis, If child has same gel positioning as father, would it ...

If child has same gel positioning as father, would it be likely for the child to get cancer if the father has it? For the children without the mutation, what is the risk of getting

Can you explain protease inhibitors, Q. Can you explain Protease inhibitors...

Q. Can you explain Protease inhibitors? Ans. Protease inhibitors are the compounds which are found to some extent in cereal grains such as oats, wheat, barley and mai

Why is sub-culturing essential in plant tissue culture, Why is sub-culturin...

Why is sub-culturing essential in plant tissue culture? Explain the process of heterosis. How is it dissimilar from inbreeding depression? Where and how is urea produced in

Two major causes of severe protein energy malnutrition, Explain Two major c...

Explain Two major causes of severe Protein Energy Malnutrition? Two major causes of severe PEM are diluted milk formulae and infections, especially diarrhoea in poor communiti

Justify the term – flagella, In protozoans flagella are found always one pe...

In protozoans flagella are found always one per cell. Flagella and Cilia can generate substantial force as they try to push or pull a protozoan through water. To be able to do that

Steps of initiation , The entire mechanism of protein synthesis i...

The entire mechanism of protein synthesis in eukaryotes is generally the same as in prokaryotes, with three phases explained as termination, elongation and initiation. Furthermore,

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd