What is association and what is causality

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Reference no: EM133370936

Case Study: Many times people will use the term 'cause' when they really mean 'association'. In many studies, you may encounter researchers reporting causality as an association, and vice versa. The term is used interchangeably because they both meet the parameter for cause and effect. Does cigarette smoking cause cancer? Does eating specific foods or working in certain locations cause diseases? Although we have determined beyond doubt that cigarette smoking causes cancer, questions of disease causality still challenge us because it is never a simple matter to distinguish the mere association between two factors from an actual causal relationship between them.

i. What is association?

ii. What is causality?

iii. What is the difference between the two?

iv. Describe criteria for characterizing the causality of associations.

Reference no: EM133370936

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