Reference no: EM133523715

Pneumonia

Part 1:

1. List the anatomic alterations found with pneumonia.

2. What organisms cause epiglottitis, "Ohio Valley Fever," and "Valley Fever?"

3. What is a lung abscess? Causes?

4. Define the two types of CAP? What is one of the most common microorganisms that cause pneumonia?

5. What are a HAP and VAP? What are some common causes?

6. What is ventilator bundling and why is it important?

7. Define aspiration pneumonia and its potential causes.

8. What are some common causes of fungal pneumonia?

9. What are some common causes of pneumonia in people who are immunocompromised?

10. What are some opportunistic microorganisms that can cause pneumonia?

11. What would you expect to see upon clinical examination of a patient with pneumonia?

1. Chest assessment findings

2. CXR

Part 2:

You are caring for a 69-year-old male patient with a 30-pack-year smoking history, at the time you see the patient he has Albuterol 2.5, mg Q2 PRN ordered, and oxygen therapy PRN. Upon your patient assessment you find the following:

HR: 129

BP: 150 / 92

RR: 30

SpO2: 87%

Temp: 103.1

Percussion: Dull percussion notes over both lower lobes.

Auscultation: Diminished throughout with coarse crackles in both lower lobes with intermittent expiratory wheezes in the upper lobes.

Cough: Poor effort, cough is congested and what he can cough up is thick and yellow green.

12. Utilizing Chapter 10's therapist-driven protocols, what treatment regimen(s) you would place him on, and why?

13. What further diagnostic test(s) would be helpful for selecting an appropriate treatment regimen?

Tuberculosis (T.B.)

1. What are the signs/symptoms of reactivation TB?

2. What is disseminated TB?

3. How is TB transmitted?

4. If TB is suspected what must be done with the patient?

5. Who's at higher risk of contracting TB?

6. Describe the following diagnostic procedures, and positive test results for the following:

1. Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Test

2. Acid-Fast Staining

3. QuantiFERON-TB Gold Test

4. Xpert MTB/RIF assay

5. Sputum culture

7. What would you expect to find on a chest x-ray if a patient has TB?

8. What is the treatment protocol for someone with TB?

9. What is the prophylactic treatment for someone exposed to TB?

10. What can minimize antibiotic-resistant TB?

Flail Chest

1. Define and describe flail chest.

2. What anatomic alterations would you expect to see in a patient with a flail chest?

3. What would you expect to see on physical examination on a patient with a flail chest?

4. Define paradoxical chest wall motion and its significance.

5. What are common chest x-ray findings on a patient with a flail chest?

Pneumothorax

1. What is a tension pneumothorax?

2. What is an iatrogenic pneumothorax?

3. What is an open, closed, and spontaneous pneumothorax?

4. List the anatomical alterations that may be seen from a pneumothorax.

5. How is pneumothorax treated?

6. Describe proper chest tube placement.

7. What would be seen on CXR in a patient with a pneumothorax?