How long did it take to finish the reaction in minutes

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Reference no: EM133808092

Homework: Lab

For this homework, you will make 2 different alcohols.

For the first reaction, the target compound that you should synthesize is butanol. This is a substitution reaction. Keep in mind the substitution pattern of the product and the mechanism accommodated by this arrangement.

Procedure:

A. To start this activity, click this link for Nucleophilic Substitution - The lab will load in a new tab. Click back to this tab to read further instructions and complete the questions below. Use the available reagents in the Alkyl Halide Solvolysis section in the Stockroom tab and identify the appropriate starting materials required to synthesize the target compound and add them to the round bottom flask. Now add ether (Et2O) as a solvent (from the Solvents section at the top of the Stockroom tab) and drag the flask to the Stir Plate on the lab bench.

B. The contents of the flask will be visible in Live Data. From the group of reagents found on the lab bench, select the correct reagent to synthesize the target compound and add it to the flask on the stir plate. Now attach the heater, condenser, and N2 gas to the round bottom flask so the reaction mixture can be heated. Get the instant assignment help.

C. Start the reaction by clicking on the dials on the front of the stir plate. You should be able to observe the reaction mixture stirring in the flask. Monitor the progress of the reaction using TLC measurements as necessary until the product has formed and the starting materials have been consumed (if you have not previously completed the activity Using Thin Layer Chromatography, see the note at the bottom of that homework regarding TLC in Beyond Labz). You can advance the laboratory time using the clock on the wall. You can also save your TLC plates by clicking Save on the TLC window.

D. When the reaction is complete, "work up" your reaction by doing a separatory funnel extraction. Drag and drop the separatory funnel on the flask and then add the appropriate solvent to the funnel. Remember that the addition of any aqueous solvent also adds diethyl ether, although this is not shown (see note at the bottom of the activity Performing a Separatory Funnel Extraction). Either the organic or the aqueous layer can be removed by clicking and dragging it to the bench. Your target compound should be in one of these layers. The other layer can be discarded into the red bin.

Question I: List the starting materials, solvent, reagent and products formed:

Question II: How long did it take to finish the reaction in minutes?

Question III: What is the TLC value (Rf) for the Starting Materials?

Question IV: What is the TLC value (Rf) for the Products?

Question V: Draw the mechanism for the reaction. Be sure to include arrows that show the flow of the electrons.

FTIR

After completing a reaction and working up the products, it is still necessary to confirm that the correct product was formed. The most common tools used for this analysis are Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).

A. To collect an FTIR spectrum of your product, click on the FTIR spectrometer located to the right of the lab bench and drag the salt plate icon to the flask on the lab bench. A window containing the FTIR spectrum for your product should now open. Identify the relevant peaks in the FTIR spectrum and record the position and associated functional group for each below. The FTIR spectrum can also be saved to the lab book for later analysis.

Question VI: Paste a picture of the IR Spectrum below. Circle the major peaks and identify which functional groups you have. Is this the desired product?

For the second reaction, the target compound that you should synthesize is 2-methyl-2-propanol. This is a substitution reaction. Keep in mind the substitution pattern of the product and the nature of the intermediate dictated by this arrangement.

A. To start this activity, click this link for Alkyl Halide Solvolysis. The lab will load in a new tab. Click back to this tab to read further instructions and complete the questions below. Use the available reagents in the Alkyl Halide Solvolysis section in the Stockroom tab and identify the appropriate starting materials required to synthesize the target compound and add them to the round bottom flask. Now add water (H2O) as a solvent and drag the flask to the Stir Plate on the lab bench.

B. The contents of the flask are visible in Live Data. From the group of reagents found on the lab bench, select the correct reagent to synthesize the target compound and add it to the flask on the stir plate (or add no reagents if none are needed).

C. Start the reaction by clicking on the dials on the front of the stir plate. You should be able to observe the reaction mixture stirring in the flask. Monitor the progress of the reaction using TLC measurements as necessary until the product has formed and the starting materials have been consumed (if you have not previously completed the activity Using Thin Layer Chromatography, please see the note at the bottom of that homework regarding TLC in Beyond Labz). You can advance the laboratory time using the clock on the wall. You can also save your TLC plates by clicking Save on the TLC window.

Question VII: List the starting materials, solvent, reagent and products formed:

Question VIII: How long did it take to finish the reaction in minutes?

Question IX: What is the TLC value (Rf) for the Starting Materials?

Question X: What is the TLC value (Rf) for the Products?

Question XI: Draw the mechanism for the reaction. Be sure to include arrows that show the flow of the electrons.

FTIR

Question XII: Paste a picture of the IR Spectrum below. Circle the major peaks and identify which functional groups you have. Is this the desired product?

Question XIII: What type of mechanism took place in the first reaction? What type for the second reaction? Were the the same or different? Explain why.

Reference no: EM133808092

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