Reference no: EM133843234
Question
CHAPTER 9: GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION
1. What is the underlying pathology experienced by people with irritable bowel syndrome?
A) Impaired colonic reflexes resulting in decreased peristalsis
B) Excessive gastric secretions resulting in ulcer formation
C) Changes in mucous cell structure resulting in steatorrhea
D) Increased response to stretching and discomfort resulting in intestinal motility
2. 2. Which of the following patients is most likely to develop pancreatitis?
A) A patient with renal problems and hypocalcemia
B) A patient with a stone lodged in the pancreatic duct
C) A 59-year-old male with a history of occasional alcohol use
D) A patient recovering from a myocardial infarction with hypercholesterolemia
3. Which of the following patients is most at risk of developing hepatitis B?
A) A 54-year-old woman who takes acetaminophen (Tylenol) daily for headaches
B) A 24-year-old unvaccinated college student who has had several sexual partners
C) A 33-year-old businessman who travels frequently
D) A 23-year-old college student who binge drinks
4. Which of the following patients would be most at risk of developing carcinoma of the liver?
A) A 28-year-old patient with a history of blunt liver trauma and smoking
B) A 58-year-old patient with a history of diabetes mellitus
C) A 65-year-old patient with a history of cirrhosis
D) An 80-year-old patient with malnutrition
5. Which of the following patients would be most at risk for an intestinal obstruction?
A) An elderly patient who is on bedrest because of post-operative abdominal surgery
B) A Jewish patient who smokes and consumes large amounts of caffeine
C) An individual eating a low-fiber, high-fat diet
D) An adult diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver
6. The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged following surgery for oral cancer. Which sign will the patient be instructed to watch for that indicates possible metastasis of the cancer?
A) Fragile gums that bleed easily
B) White patches on the tongue and back of the throat
C) Painful ulcerated lesions on the gums or inside of the cheek
D) Small hard lumps on the side of the neck or under the chin
7. Which teaching is a priority for the patient with gastroesophageal reflux?
A) "You may include orange or tomato juice with your breakfast."
B) "Eat a small evening snack 1 to 2 hours before bed."
C) "Drink carbonated beverages between meals only."
D) "Eat four to six small meals each day."
8. The nurse monitors for which complication in the patient with end-stage cirrhosis who develops severe vomiting?
A) Intrahepatic bile stasis
B) Bleeding esophageal varices
C) Ascites
D) Metabolic acidosis
9. For the patient diagnosed with hepatitis A asking how the infection may have been contracted, which response by the nurse is correct?
A) "Some medications have been known to induce hepatitis A."
B) "You may have been exposed through inhalation of water."
C) "You may have been infected through a recent blood transfusion."
D) "You may have been infected through sexual contact."
10. A patient is admitted to the healthcare facility with a diagnosis of a bleeding gastric ulcer. The nurse expects this patient's stools to be:
A) coffee ground-like.
B) clay colored.
C) black and tarry.
D) bright red.
CHAPTER 10: ENDOCRINE FUNCTION
1. The nurse correlates the polyuria seen in patients with untreated diabetes mellitus with which physiologic response?
A) Inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B) Early-stage renal failure causing a loss of urine-concentrating capacity
C) The increased osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluids secondary to hyperglycemia
D) Chronic stimulation of the detrusor muscle by the ketone bodies in the urine
2. The nurse determines that which arterial blood gas values are consistent with ketoacidosis in the patient with diabetes?
A) pH 7.38, HCO3- 22 mEq/L, PCO2 38 mm Hg
B) pH 7.28, HCO3- 18 mEq/L, PCO2 28 mm Hg
C) pH 7.48, HCO3- 28 mEq/L, PCO2 38 mm Hg
D) pH 7.28, HCO3- 22 mEq/L, PCO2 58 mm Hg
3. Which dietary modification will the nurse provide for the patient with hyperthyroidism?
A) Decreased calories and proteins and increased carbohydrates
B) Elimination of carbohydrates and increased proteins and fats
C) Increased calories, proteins, and carbohydrates
D) Supplemental vitamins and reduction of calories
4. Which of the following does not occur in Addison's disease?
A) Exophthalmos
B) Increased skin pigmentation
C) Low levels of serum ACTH
D) Low levels of serum cortisol
5. Which test provides a good measure of blood glucose levels over the previous 2 to 3 months?
A) Glucose tolerance test (GTT)
B) Fasting blood glucose test
C) Glycosylated hemoglobin test (HgbA1C).
D) Capillary blood monitoring tests
6. Which of the following conditions may cause immunosuppression?
A) Acromegaly
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Cushing syndrome
7. Your patient has acromegaly. You would expect:
A) your patient to have an overactive pituitary gland.
B) your patient to have an underactive pituitary gland.
C) your patient to have an overactive adrenal gland.
D) your patient to have an underactive adrenal gland.
8. A patient with pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla, is scheduled to have the tumor surgically removed. During the admission assessment, which finding is the nurse most likely to observe?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperthermia
D) Bradycardia
9. The nurse assesses the patient with a diagnosis of thyroid storm. Which classic signs and symptoms associated with thyroid storm indicate the priority need for immediate nursing intervention?
A) Polyuria, nausea, and severe headache
B) Hypotension, translucent skin, and obesity
C) Fever, tachycardia, and systolic hypertension
D) Profuse diaphoresis, flushing, and constipation
10. Hyperparathyroidism can be caused by a(n):
A) case of hypertension.
B) lung infection.
C) pancreatic tumor.
D) adenoma.
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