Reference no: EM133933751
Questions
1. A 70-year-old female patient is experiencing a pleural effusion. You are shadowing a doctor who asks you to tell him the cause of this situation. You investigate the patient's signs, symptoms, and past medical history to find clues. Past medical history shows a myocardial infarction. You also find that the patient has distended neck and abdominal veins. What is MOST likely causing the patient's pleural effusion?
A. Liver failure
B. Kidney failure
C. Right-sided heart failure
2. A 70-year-old male patient is experiencing a pleural effusion. You are shadowing a doctor who asks you to tell him the cause of this situation. You investigate the patient's signs, symptoms, and past medical history to find clues. Past medical history shows a myocardial infarction. You also find that the patient has had a persistent cough and a progressing shortness of breath (SOB). The patient's coughing and breathing problems get worse at night when they are lying flat in the bed. What is MOST likely causing the patient's pleural effusion?
A. Liver failure
B. Right-sided heart failure
C. Left-sided heart failure
3. You have a chronic alcoholic on the floor who is experiencing active liver failure. You find that he is now suffering from hydrothorax, but you want to know what kind of fluid is causing the pleural effusion. You know from your pathophysiology practice that this fluid will MOST LIKELY be
A. Transudate
B. Exudate
C. Chylothorax (chylomicrons)
4. Pleurisy can be very painful because of trauma or infection that damages the__________.
A. Parietal pleura
B. Lung parenchyma
C. Trachea and bronchi
5. When inserting a thoracentesis, which of the following is a correct procedure?
A. Insert the needle just below the rib
B. Insert the needle just above the rib
C. Insert the needle from the posterior side of where the fluid is present
6. Which of the following pairs is MOST correctly matched?
A. Tension pneumothorax : temporary inconvenience and heals on its own
B. Tall and thin : spontaneous pneumothorax
C. Slower breathing rate : Onset of pneumothorax
7. A spontaneous pneumothorax is usually preceded by?
A. Ingestion of too many NSAID's
B. A tension pneumothorax
C. A bleb
8. A secondary pneumothorax is usually preceded by?
A. Ingestion of too many NSAID's
B. Lung diseases such as emphysema
C. A bleb
9. Which of the below events occurs with "airway remodeling"?
A. Immune cells accumulate underneath a thickened basement membrane
B. Goblet cells divide and mucous glands undergo hypotrophy and start producing less mucus
C. Underlying smooth muscle cells undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia
D. 2 of the above
E. None of the above
10. You are an EMT and arrive first on the scene. You find a conscious patient who was struck by a car. The patient has an adequate pulse and is breathing. You notice that the breathing is becoming more shallow and strenuous for the patient and suspect a tension pneumothorax in the left lung. Upon assessing their trachea, you can expect what?
A. It will be unaffected by the pneumothorax
B. It will be deviated to the right side
C. It will be deviated to the left side
11. You are delivering a premature baby at the hospital and have to give them respiratory therapy due to lack of respirations. Later, you're charting this event and know that this would be considered:
A. Primary atelectasis
B. Neonate pneumothorax
C. Newborn asthma
12. Which of the following would MOST likely aid in the development of a non-asthmatic adult?
A. Secondhand smoke while in utero
B. Having RSV as a young child
C. Spending some time in a daycare for the first 6 months of life
13. A 26-year-old male athlete recently developed asthma-like symptoms and has not had any past medical history that would suggest asthma. You find that the young athlete recently injured his right foot and has been taking lots of Ibuprofen to control the pain and inflammation. What is likely causing his asthma-like symptoms?
A. Decreased levels of PGE-2
B. Increased levels of COX enzyme
C. Neither of the above
14. Patients with COPD...
A. May be called a blue bloater or a pink puffer
B. May develop a habit of pursed lip breathing
C. Both of the above
15. Which of the following is used in the treatment of COPD?
A. Exercise
B. Inhaled corticosteroids
C. Smoking cessation
D. All of the above
16. What is transillumination as it relates to the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis?
A. A stain/counterstaining of the microbial agents
B. Viral DNA will fluoresce under a black light, but bacteria will not
C. Shining a light against the hard palate to check for open sinuses
17. If you want to trap an influenza virus in an already infected host cell and keep it from spreading (keep it from budding off), which of the following drugs would you use, and what is the drug's mechanism of action (MOA)?
A. Tamiflu, neuraminidase inhibitor
B. Symmetrel, M2 protein disabler
C. Sialic acid, uncoating inhibitor
18. You have a patient suffering from a bacterial infection that seems to have multiplied in the fluid of the alveoli to cause inflammation. They present with a sudden onset of fever, chest pain, and a productive cough. They also have a decreasing V/Q ratio. What do you suspect they have?
A. Typical pneumonia
B. Hospital acquired pneumonia
C. Nosocomial pneumonia
19. Which of the following is a true statement concerning tuberculosis?
A. The body initiates a Type III hypersensitivity to TB
B. The TB bacteria resist lysosomal destruction and many times remains latent.
C. HIV-infected people are particularly safe against TB
20. A virus undergoes changes in the genetic material by being introduced to a bird, and subsequently to a pig. It was then passed back to a human host. This recombination method of viral evolution is known as?
A. Antigenic Recombination
B. Antigenic Shuffling
C. Antigenic Shift