Reference no: EM133857459

Assignment:

U.S. health care system and practice environment will require equally profound changes in the education of nurses both before and after they receive their license. An improved education system is necessary to ensure that the current and future generations of nurses can deliver safe, quality, patient-centered care across all settings, especially in such areas as primary care and community and public health. Nursing is unique among the health professions in the U.S. in that it has multiple educational pathways leading to an entry-level license to practice. The qualifications and level of education required for entry into the nursing profession have been widely debated by nurses, nursing organizations, academics, and a host of other stakeholders for more than 40 years. During that time, competencies needed to practice have expanded, especially in the domains of community and public health, geriatrics, leadership, health policy, system improvement and change, research and evidence-based practice, and teamwork and collaboration.

These new competencies have placed increased pressures on the education system and its curricula. Care within hospital and community settings also has become more complex. In hospitals, nurses must make critical decisions associated with care for sicker, frailer patients and work with sophisticated, life-saving technology. Nurses are being called upon to fill primary care roles and to help patients manage chronic illnesses, thereby preventing acute care episodes and disease progression. They are expected to use a variety of technological tools and complex information management systems that require skills in analysis and synthesis to improve the quality and effectiveness of care.

Across settings, nurses are being called upon to coordinate care and collaborate with a variety of health professionals, including physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, and pharmacists, most of whom hold master's or doctoral degrees. Shortages of nurses in the positions of primary care providers, faculty, and researchers continue to be a barrier to advancing the profession and improving the delivery of care to patients. To respond to these demands of an evolving health care system and meet the changing needs of patients, nurses must achieve higher levels of education and training

1. What is circulation?

2. Do the animals have a circulatory system?

3. What is the alternative means of substance transport in animals without a circulatory system? Why is blood important for larger animals?

4. What are the two types of circulatory systems?

5. What is an open circulatory system?

6. What is a closed circulatory system?

7. What are the advantages of a closed circulatory system over an open circulatory system?

8. What is the difference between octopuses and mussels regarding their circulatory systems? How does that difference have an effect on the mobility of these animals?

9. Why can flying insects such as flies beat their wings at a great speed despite having an open circulatory system?

10. What are the typical components of a closed circulatory system?