Reference no: EM131145216

Question 1. The largest single end-use category of petroleum consumption in the United States is

industry.
electrical generation.
home heating.
hot water heating.
transportation.

Question 2. Which statement is false about solar energy?

It is very abundant.
It is nonpolluting.
It is essentially everlasting.
It is limited, especially in terrestrial ecosystems.
It is the ultimate source of energy for nearly all ecosystems.

Question 3. OPEC stands for

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
Occidental, Phillips, Exxon and Chevron.
The Oil Producing and Exporting Cartel.
The Ocean Power Energy Commission.
The Organization for Petroleum Exploration Commission.

Question 4. In the United States of America, the Kudzu Vine is an example of _____ specie.

an endangered plant
an introduced plant
a threatened plant
an endemic plant
an extinct plant

Question 5. A grouping of plants, animals, and microbes interacting with each other and their abiotic environment is defined as

a biosphere.
a community.
an ecosystem.
a specie.
an association.

Question 6. Which of the following is true of the status of women in developing countries?

Women are not interested in further education or employment.
Women are given equal opportunities in education and employment.
Lack of education and discrimination limit economic opportunities for women.
Women are better educated than men.
Lack of education does not limit economic opportunities for women.

Question 7. Total fertility refers to

the number of children born in a country during a given year.
the average age at which women in a given country become sexually active.
the average number of children born per woman over her lifetime.
the number of children who survive to become reproductive adults.
the ratio of men to women in a population.

Question 8. Women tend to have fewer and healthier children when they

live in societies where they have few rights.
have access to education and career choices.
do not have access to paying jobs outside the home.
live in rural areas that have no access to birth control.
are persons of each sex ages 15 to 44.

Question 9. Which of the following statistics are used to measure population growth rates?

Emigration rates
Birth rates
Immigration rates
Death rates
All of the above

Question 10. Which of the following are the three major gases in biogeochemical cycles?

Nitrogen, ozone, hydrogen
Sulfur, ozone, helium
Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
Oxygen, ammonia, nitrogen
Carbon dioxide, methane, oxygen

Question 11. In general, urban dwellers have all of the following except

better access to medical care.
less exposure to pollution and noise.
increased chances of physical injuries.
better access to education.
better access to social services.

Question 12. Today's cities are not self-sustaining because they import

minerals.
food.
energy.
manufactured goods.
All of the above

Question 13. Which of the following is the strongest argument for recycling plastics?

Plastics burn hot and with little ash in WTE incinerators.
Plastics do not contribute to leachate in landfills.
Plastics do not generate biogas in landfills.
Plastics are produced from the fossil fuel petroleum.
Plastics are biodegradable.

Question 14. A system of integrated waste management involves

landfills.
recycling.
composting.
incinerating
a combination of ways to handle MSW.

Question 15. Environmental impacts because of the strain of supporting 1.2 billion people in India include

soil erosion.
air pollution in urban areas.
seriously polluted water.
deforestation.
All of the above

Question 16. Dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico result from nutrient pollution in the Midwestern United States where

nitrogen and phosphorus leach from soils with low nutrient-holding capacity.
nitrogen and phosphorus leach from soils with high nutrient-holding capacity.
iron and aluminum oxides leach from soils with low nutrient-holding capacity.
iron and aluminum oxides leach from soils with high nutrient-holding capacity.
sulfur and nitrogen leach from soils with high nutrient-holding capacity.

Question 17. Climate change and global warming affects which of the following?

Aquatic flora and fauna
Terrestrial flora and fauna
Climatic conditions
Agricultural practices
All of the above

Question 18. Meeting higher CAFÉ standards in the United States will result in

fewer coal-burning power plants.
increased reliance upon wind and solar energy.
increased reliance upon natural gas.
better gas mileage and less air pollution.
lesser mileage and more air pollution.

Question 19. The 1970 Clean Air Act and subsequent environmental regulations have resulted in

reductions in lead by about 99%.
reductions in carbon monoxide by about 10%.
surprising increases in sulfur dioxide levels by about 5%.
surprising increases in radon levels by about 20%.
reductions in carbon dioxide by about 60%.

Question 20. Most of the public health impacts from air pollution are the result of

a single pollutant in a short period.
many pollutants in a short period.
a single pollutant over a long period.
many pollutants over a long period.
a few pollutants outdoors in the spring.

Question 21. The nuclear power industry in the United States has declined because of

high construction and operating costs.
concerns about safety.
concerns about radioactive waste disposal.
concerns about security.
All of the above

Question 22. Which of the following marine ecosystems is polluted from ocean dumping and coastal development?

Mangrove swamps
Turtle habitats
Coral reefs
Wetlands
All of the above

Question 23. The three major biotic components of ecosystem structure are

producers, herbivores, and carnivores.
producers, consumers, and decomposers.
plants, animals, and climate.
consumers, bacteria, and decomposers.
temperature, moisture, and light.

Question 24. Negative population growth or depopulation or population decline is being observed in countries that have a

high birth rates and low death rates.
low birth rates and low death rates.
low birth rates and high death rates.
high death rates and high birth rates.
None of the above

Question 25. Which of the following statements about geothermal power is false?

It has moderate net energy yields for large, accessible sites.
Easily accessible geothermal sites are rare.
It can have some slight effect on adjacent ecosystems.
It releases a lot of air pollution.
It has very high efficiency.

Question 26. The United States represents about 4.5% of the world's population, yet we consume about

5% of the world's oil supply.
15% of the world's oil supply.
25% of the world's oil supply.
50% of the world's oil supply.
60% of the world's supply.

Question 27. In terms of energy security, how do renewable forms of energy differ from fossil fuels?

They are found only in the developed countries.
They are found only in developing countries.
They can be transported easily from developed to developing countries.
They are distributed more equitably across the earth.
They are just as geographically concentrated as fossil fuels.

Question 28. Biodiversity, the variety of life, gene pools, habitats, and species is richest in

river deltas.
tropical rain forests and coral reefs.
temperate mountains.
the north pole ecosystems.
the south pole ecosystems.

Question 29. Assuming that these people do not use tobacco products, a person in which of the following professions would most likely have the highest exposure to benzene, a known carcinogen?

A truck driver
A cashier at a grocery store
An accountant working in a large office building
A psychology professor
An elementary school teacher

Question 30. Fossil fuels are _____ energy sources.

renewable
environmentally friendly
clean
efficient
non-renewable

Question 31. Nuclear power has been an important source of energy for many countries in the world today. France, for example, gets close to 80% of its energy from nuclear power. However there are many concerns about this source of energy. Discuss the economic, political, and environmental concerns surrounding the use of nuclear power as an energy source.

Question 32. The World's Human Population is now above 7 billion people. Over 50% of these people are in the developing countries in the world and are faced with many challenges trying to provide a stable environment for their citizens to thrive. Discuss, with clear examples, the five main challenges these countries face. There will be 6 points for each example and explanation.

Question 33. The biodiversity of plant and animal species (flora and fauna) dictates all our social and economic activities. Discuss six key inputs into our lives from biodiversity that we cannot live without.

Question 34. Rivers and lakes in the developing countries have become more and more polluted over the year. The Mississippi in the United States and the Rhine River in Europe are examples. Discuss three sources of pollution for each river and the impact of this pollution on the aquatic life.