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A fermentation reactor is charged with a sterile feed of growth media at 35 °C and inoculated with a batch of microorganisms. The batch is allowed to grow for 10 days. During the growth period the temperature is maintained at 37 °C by circulating cold water through a jacket on the vessel. Sterile air is spared into the fermenter to maintain a desired dissolved oxygen concentration. The pH of the fermenter is controlled by periodic addition of a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. At the end of the growth period the batch is discharged from the reactor to the harvesting section of the process.
a. Sketch a P&I diagram of the reactor and feed section.
b. What pressure would you choose for operation of the fermenter, and how would you control it?
A continuous filter is used to separate a clear filtrate from alumina particles in a slurry. The slurry has 30% by weight of alumina (specific gravity of alumina = 4.5). The cake retains 5% by weight of water. For a feed stream of 1000 kg/hr, determi..
Solid NH4NO3 (ammonium nitrate) decomposes on heating to 400°C, forming N2O gas and water vapor, H2O. (a)Write a balanced chemical equation
Calculate the theoretical stages needed to separate a 10 mole% ethanol liquid saturated feed into a 80 mole% distillate and a 0.1 mole% bottoms at 1 atmosphere pressure.
the equilibrium constant K for the reaction - what is the concentration of SO3 at equilibrium?
Two equilibrium stages at 25C are used as shown in the following diagram. If 300 kg H2O/h is fed to each extraction unit, what fraction of the acetone in the feed solution would be removed and what would be the composition of the combined extract?
Determine the relationship between flow rate and temperature of the water fed to the scrubber. Is the rate at which heat must be removed from the water as it is pumped 5. If all of the sulfur in the coal reacts to form H2S, determine the air requi..
Prepare a piping diagram and calculate the pipe size as well as the required power of the pump. You need to specify the type of fittings and the pipe material for your calculations.
Natural gas composed of 60. mol% methane, 30. mol% ethane, and 10. mol% propane at 25 °C and 500. psia is fed at a rate of 50. m3/hr into a boiler. In the boiler it is blended with enough air to provide 20% excess oxygen and combusted.
Consider 1 mole of ideal gas at 1 bar and 300 K, which of the following statements is true? The absolute entropy of the system is negative. Helium (m=4 amu) will have a larger entropy than argon (m=40 amu).
The solid particles have average diameter 3 mm and piece density 730 kg/m3. Hot air at 150 ºC is blown up through the dryer belt at a volumetric flow rate of 7200 m3 /hr per m2 of belt area. Will the bed of solids on the belt fluidize?
Using the concept of a mass balance describe how environmental engineers and scientists model the carbon cycle in the earth's atmosphere allowing them to predict build up of CO2 over time.
consider the binary cycle using the sodium and steamwater in the sketch below and operating at conditions in table 1.
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