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Example 4.16: Feasibility of Process
Looking for ways to improve energy utilization in a chemical plant, a young intern proposes to design a process that will use steam in a closed system to produce work. The steam is available at 10 bar, 650 °C, and will be delivered at 1 bar, 150 °C. The intern expects to generate 1200 kJ/kg from this process. A heat source is available at 200 °C, should the process need any heat.
Determine whether the company should go ahead with this plan.
Example 4.18: Irreversible Expansion in Vacuum
A closed insulated cylinder is divided into parts by a piston that is held into place by latches. One compartment is evacuated, the other contains steam at 7.5 bar, 300 °C. The latches are removed and the gas expands to fill the entire volume of the cylinder. When the system reaches equilibrium, its pressure is 1 bar. Determine the entropy generation.
Determine the kVA rating of the synchronous motor.
Calculate the ratio of the network over the amount of heat absorbed at the high temperature of the cycle. How does this value compare to the theoretical efficiency of the Carnot cycle that is calculated based on the two operating temperatures?
Calculate the feed rate F and the product rate - Evaporation in Double-Effect Reverse-Feed Evaporators.
What is the required flow rate of cooling water to the exchanger between the wasteheat boiler and the absorber and how much heat must be removed by the two heat exchangers cooling the recycled absorber liquid? Why is there a need to remove this heat?
As a system increases in volume, it absorbs 55.0 J of energy in the form of heat from the surroundings. The piston is working against a pressure of 0.502 atm. The final volume of the system is 57.7 L. What was the initial volume of the system if t..
A typical feed stream composition is 55% ethylene, 5% inserts, and 40% water. A typical product stream is 52.26% ethylene, 5.49% ethanol, 0.16% ether, 36.81% water, and 5.28% inserts. Calculate the selectivity of ethylene for ethanol and for ether..
A process modification has been devised that will increase the yield to 75%. The additional investment required is $1,250,000, and the additional operating costs are negligible. Is the modification worth making?
If 199 atoms of bohrium-267 could be synthesized, how much time would elapse before only 11 atoms of bohrium-267 remain? What is the expected electron configuration of elemental bohrium?
Find idealized expressions for the active and ohmic states and sketch the universal characteristics of an n-channel enhancement MOSFET operated below breakdown.
Find the efficiency of the transformer when it is delivering 7.5 kVA at 230 V and 0.85 power factor lagging.
Suppose that R2 is decreased to 0.5 min/ft2. Compare the old and new values of the ultimate gain and the critical frequency. Would you expect the control system performance to become better or worse, justify your answer.
Produce a hypothetical set of performance specifications for such a signaling device.
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