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A condenser is required to condense n-propanol vapour leaving the top of adistillation column. The n-propanol is essentially pure, and is a saturated vapourat a pressure of 2.1 bara. The condensate needs to be sub-cooled to 45oC.
Design a horizontal shell and tube condenser capable of handling a vapour rate of 30,000 kg/h. Cooling water is available at 30oC and the temperature rise is tobe limited to 30oC. The pressure drop on the vapour stream is to be less than 50 kN/m2, and on the water stream less than 70 kN/m2. The preferred tube sizeis 16 mm inside diameter, 19 mm outside diameter, and 2.5 m long.
Take the saturation temperature of n-propanol at 2.1 bar as 118oC. The other physical properties required can be found in the literature, or estimated.
a. How many design variables must be specified in order to calculate the output stream compositions and flow rates? b. How would you optimize these variables if the objective of the separator was to maximize recovery of condensable components into ..
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A chord subtends an angle of 68° at the centre of a circle of radius 200mm. Find the length of the chord.
Methanol can be manufactured by the gas phase reaction CO(g) + 2H2(g)?CH3OH(g)at 400K and 1.013 bar.The following data are available;?H298= -90.71 kJ/mol?G298= -24.33 kJ/mol.
A 0.250-g sample of citric acid dissolved in 25.0 mL of water requires 37.2 mL of 0.105 M NaOH for complete neutralization. What number of acidic hydrogens per molecule does citric acid have?
The estimated cost of the pipes, per unit length is: schedule 40 carbon steel $5, schedule 80 carbon steel $8.30, stainless steel (304) schedule 40 $24.80. Installation and fittings for all the materials adds $16.5 per unit length. The downtime re..
It is common that people are exposed to more than one hazardous substance at a time. The different substances may interact such that one substance may alter the toxicity of one or more of the chemicals present. Discuss the possible interactions th..
Consider the following information: i. The layer of dead skin on our bodies is sufficient to protect us from most -particle radiation. ii. Plutonium is an -particle producer. iii. The chemistry of Pu4 is similar to that of Fe3. iv. Pu oxidizes..
Two separate metal blocks of thickness d and 2d are kept at constant temperature T0 at the top anda constant heat flux q0 is provided at the bottom. Draw the steady state temperature profile for eachof the blocks.
Give the conclusions drawn form thermodynamics for single reactions.The following conclusions may be drawn from thethermodynamics;?The thermodynamic equilibrium constant is unaffected by the pressure of the system, by the presenceor absence ofiner..
Design the manufacture of (tones/day) Ferrous sulphate monohydrate from waste pickle liquor. Pickling is generally associated with the removal of scale with mineral acid. Sulphuric acid is the most commonly used pickling acid.
1. What is the principle of Lime Soda process? Give their functions with chemical reactions. 2. Write notes on Reserve osmosis and Ultra filtration.
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