Reference no: EM133976646
Guided Practice: Learning Theories
In this activity you will be reviewing scenarios and recognizing the form of learning demonstrated within that scenario as well as identifying key components within these forms of learning.
While classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response and a stimulus, operant conditioning is about associating a voluntary behavior and a consequence.
Classical conditioning and operant conditioning both emphasize how direct experience, reinforcement, or punishment can lead to learning. However, a great deal of learning happens indirectly, such as observational learning. Observational learning is achieved by watching others, retaining the information, and then later replicating the behaviors that were observed.
1. At their first doctor's appointment, a young child is curious as they do not know what to expect. After experiencing the pain of their first immunization they start to cry and become upset. Upon subsequent visits simply seeing the waiting room causes the child to cry.
2. When you were a child, your grandmother would always sing you "You are my Sunshine" when you were upset to calm you down. As an adult, whenever you hear this song in television commercials, you feel calm and peaceful.
3. Your dog's favorite activity is playing fetch at the dog park. Whenever you take your dog to the dog park you first put on your baseball hat. Over time, when your dog sees you put on your baseball hat, he is excited and runs to the door.
4. A student is laughed at when he gave a presentation in his public speaking class. He felt embarrassed by his classmates' reaction. Now every time he has attends his public speaking class, he feels nervous and embarrassed.
5. Whenever a child fails an exam, they get punished by their parents. The child then associates exams with negative consequences creating feelings of anxiety. During final exams, the child experiences extreme anxiety prior to each exam.
6. Feeling sick to your stomach when you smell General Tso Chicken, a food that once gave you food poisoning.
7. You receive a performance bonus at work for exceptional productivity
8. Before heading out for a hike in the woods, you take your allergy medication to avoid feeling congested during your hike.
9. A new mother goes for a quiet walk in the park. She escapes the noise in her house and enjoys some desired alone time while gaining more energy and a sense of calm. She starts going for walks in the park every week.
10. You child breaks their curfew for the second time this month. In the morning they receive additional chores and responsibilities to be completed each week.
11. After your third day of arriving late for work, your boss docks your paycheck by one full day's wages.
12. Prime "Employee of the Month" parking spots are given to employees that exceed their sales goals for the month.
13. Students that volunteer to clean up the playground during recess receive a voucher for a free sweet treat at the local ice cream store.
14. A correctional officer eases regulations on an exceptionally well-behaved prisoner.
15. During a lecture, a student starts texting their friend despite the "no cellphone" policy in the classroom. The teacher sees the texting and gives the student a detention for breaking the rule about no cellphones in class.
16. Each workday morning, you leave the house 30 minutes early to avoid getting stuck in rush hour traffic and being late for work.
17. An IT professional is found surfing the internet during the workday rather than performing his professional responsibilities. His boss calls him into her office and gives the worker a written warning.
18. Removing the curfew when a teenager has proven she is responsible and practices common sense.
19. A young couple goes on a date to an Ethiopian restaurant. They watch other diners in the restaurant eating with their hands and using injera as a utensil. They copy the other diners' actions to learn how to proper enjoy the traditional cuisine.
20. Adding extra sensitivity training to employees who offend or harass someone at work.
21. A child watches their older sibling get in trouble for touching a hot stovetop. They learn from this interaction that they should not hit others.
22. Feeling sick to your stomach when you smell General Tso Chicken, a food that once gave you food poisoning.
23. Treating a child to an ice cream cone when he acts respectfully during a shopping.
24. A mother drops a glass, and it shatters on the floor. In response, she curses loudly out of frustration. The next day, her three-year-old uses that same language in preschool when she drops her juice.
25. Taking away a teenager's phone when they present with a bad attitude.
26. A new employee watches their coworkers' efficient behaviors on the assembly line. Despite those behaviors being different from how they were trained, they adopt those practices in their own work style.
27. An individual with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder develops a fearful response to loud noises.
28. A high school tennis player watches as Serena Williams dominates her opponents on the tennis court. They examine details such as how she bounces the ball five times before her first serve and twice before her second. At their next match they try to mimic that behavior themselves.
29. The car behind you slams on their brakes trying to come to a screeching halt, however, it is too late, and they crash into your vehicle. You are terrified but unharmed. Now, whenever you hear screeching brakes your heart races and you feel a wave of terror come over you, even when you are not driving.