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A solution of organic colloids in water is to be concentrated from 8 to 45 percent solids in a single-effect evaporator. Steam is available at a gauge pressure of 1.03 atm (120SC). A pressure of 102 mm Hg ab, is to be maintained in the vapor space: this corresponds to a boiling point for water of 51.7°C. The feed rate to the evaporator is 20,000 kgfh. The overall heat -transfer coefficient can be taken as 2800 W/m2_ cc. The solution has a negligible elevation in boiling point and a negligible heat of dilution. Calculate the steam consumption, the economy. and the heating surface required if the temperature of the feed is
(a) 51.7°C,
(b) 21.1'C,
(c) 93.3°C.
The specific heat of the feed solution is 3.77 J/g_OC, and the latent heat of vaporization of the solution may be taken equal to that of water. Radiation losses may be neglected.
Determine the standard heats of Reactions. Discuss the purpose of feeding oxygen to the reactor. Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, estimate the temperature of the gas and slag leaving the gasifier.
A scheme for concurrently heating separate water and air streams involves passing them through and over an array of tubes, respectively, while the tube wall is heated electrically. To enhance gas-side heat transfer, annular fins of rectangular pro..
If the down time per cycle for emptying, cleaning, and recharging is 6 h, how long should the evaporator be operated between cleanings in order to obtain the maximum amount of product per 30 days?
The liquid stream from the scrubber goes to a dryer where the water is driven off leaving pure maleic anhydride - The moles of benzene that are completely oxidized in the reactor per mole of benzene fed into the reactor?
The opposite surface of a slab A and B are maintained at 100 degree and 70 degree respectively ,if the steel plate measures 10cm thick estimate the heat transfer rate across the slab and the temperature recorded by a ther mocouple embedded 3cm fro..
Prepare a report on pollution due to transport in Oman and its environmental impact.
In the hippopotamus, digestion occurs as an autocatalytic reaction in the stomach followed by a catalytic reaction in the intestines. This system can be modeled as a series of CSTR-PFR.
Determine the motor current and speed when the diverter-circuit resistance is made equal to the series-field resistance. Neglect saturation and the voltage drops across the series- field resistance as well as the armature resistance.
Wet air containing 4.0mole% water vapor is passed through a column of calcium chloride pellets. The pellets adsorb 97.0% of the water and none of the other constituents of the air. The column packing was initially dry and had a mass of 3.40kg, fol..
Hydrogen gas at a pressure of 1.25 bar is contained in a thick-walled neoprene rubber sphere which has inner and outer radii of 70 mm and 80 mm, respectively.
The viscosity of the liquor is 0.7 mN m-2 s. The cutoff crystal size required is 5 μm. Select a suitable type of centrifuge to use for this duty.
An alternative process for converting benzene to cyclohexane also uses a supported noble metal catalyst, but carries out the reaction in the liquid phase, at a temperature of 160 °C and pressure of 100 bare, in a slurry reactor.
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