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Explain Clustering file organization
(i) Determine if a record of file is physically ordered on a nonkey field - that does not comprise a different value for each record - that field is known as the clustering field. The sort of index that is created using clustering field is known as clustering index. Clustering index is employed to speed up retrieval of records that have similar value for the clustering field.
The file which is organized based on the clustering field and clustering index is known clustering file organization.
Discuss the problem of Spurious tuples and how we may prevent it. Ans: A spurious tuple is, mainly, a record in a database that gets created while two tables are joined bad
By using the delete operation some consisting records can be deleted from a relation. To delete some definite records from the database a condition is also specified based on which
each publisher has uniqe name a mial addrs are also kept on each pubisher.a publisher publish one book.a book publish y one publisher.book identified by isbn.each book writn by one
Run the following queries. For each query show 1) What you expect the output to be based upon the data 2) the SQL code and 3) the output running the query in Oracle. 1. Show all c
Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in o
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
When It is better to use files than a DBMS? It is better to use files than a DBMS when Multiple users wish to access the data.
About Attribute inheritance
For problems 1-4, give all candidate keys for the tables with FDs specified. Composite candidate keys must be put in parentheses, and candidate keys must be separated with commas
We will explain here an example database application having COLLEGE database and use it in showing several E-R modelling concepts. College database remains track of faculty, Stu
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