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Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in one level could not change the schema definition in the next higher level. Two kinds of Data Independence:
Define entity integrity and referential integrity. How does SQL allow specification of these? Ans: Entity Integrity Rule- If the attribute A of relation R is a prime attribut
How to reduce data redundency
need a DBMS system on any data for assignment.
Explain three main attributes of data.
Explain Growing Phase of locking Growing Phase: In this phase the transaction can only obtain locks, but cannot release any lock. The transaction enters the growing phase as so
Change the city of First Bank Corporation to ‘New Delhi' UPDATE COMPANY SET CITY = ‘New Delhi' WHERE COMPANY_NAME = ‘First Bank Corporation';
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
Explain What is Relation? A database relation is a predefined row or column format for storing information in a relational database. Relations are equal to tables.
Write short notes on relational constraints? Relational Constraints are: 1. NOT NULL 2. Unique 3. Primary key 4. Foreign key 5. Table check
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
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