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We are use to using variables within C without thinking about where they are stored. Most variables are dynamic i.e. can change, therefore they are stored in Ram, unlike a program once developed is static i.e. doesn't change; this is often storage in EPROM or Rom. We can directly access the address where the variable is stored by means of the address operator '&' .This returns the address of the variable followed i.e.
printf("The address of var A is %lx and the contents of var A is %x",&a,a) This address is often fixed by the compiler and cannot be altered easily, very often we want initialize the address of a variable and vary it, C uses the concept of the pointer to handle this. A pointer is a variable which holds an address (This is in fact an address register on the 68Hc11 i.e. X, Y). We can explicitly load up the variable with any number (address which we like) and perform simple mathematical functions on it i.e. add, mul, sub etc. In order to declare the variable as a pointer we need to prefix it with a * in its declarations i.e.
int *point; char *point; float *point;
The type of pointer used describes the size of the data to be read i.e. a char pointer reads 7 bits of data , unsigned char 8 bits i.e. (some programmers use sizeof function to get actual machine size).
char * point == 7 bits unsigned char * point == 8 bits int * point == 15 bits unsigned int * point == 16 bits float * point == 31 bits unsigned float * point == 32 bits
what common event leads to the creation of a process?
Define FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm This policy simply eliminates pages in the order they arrived in the main memory. By using this policy we simply remove a page based upo
Declare some Applications of Open Source Systems • Finance • Educational • Data Storage and Management • ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) •File Sharing & FTP
Define what an assembler is An assembler is machine dependant.
Q. Which of the subsequent instructions should be privileged? a) Read the clock b) Clear memory c) Set value of timer d) Issue a trap instruction e) Turn off interr
how to move the system app to usb storage
Translation Look aside Buffer In a cached system, the base addresses of the last few indexed pages is maintained in registers named the TLB that adds in faster lookup. TLB has
please help us to write a code in c for tree directory structures.
How can an index file be used to speed up the access in direct-access files? Have an index in memory; the index gives the key and the disk location of its corresponding record.
Q. Advantages and disadvantages of multiprogramming? Advantages 1. High CPU utilization. 2. It appears that many programs are allotted CPU almost concurrently. D
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