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With the help of a diagram defines the typical element modules of a DBMS?
The functional elements of a database system can be widely divided into: 1) Storage manager and 2) query processor
1) Storage manager components include:(i) Authorization and integrity manager to test integrity constraints and authorized access to data. (ii) Transaction manager to ensure in which database remains in a consistent state. (iii) File manager to manage disk storage space. (iv) Buffer manager is responsible for buffering data.
2) The query processor component includes: (i) DDL interpreter to interpret DDL statements (ii) DML compiler that translation DML queries into query evaluation plan for query evaluation engine. (iii) Query evaluation engine execute low level instructions produced through DML compiler.
Why are cursors necessary in embedded SQL? A cursor is an object used to store the output of a query for row-by-row processing through the application programs. SQL statements
Atomicity : Either all functions are laid out or none are. Users could not have to think about the effect of incomplete operations. DBMS ensures this by undoing the functions
Increased parallelism : Since the replicated date has several copies a query can be distributed or can be answered from the smallest loaded site. Also, with more replicas you have
Relationship between Security and Integrity: Database security usually refers to access, while database integrity refers to avoidance of accidental loss of consistency. But usually
Explain in detail about Collaboration Diagrams Collaboration diagrams are interaction diagrams which emphasize structural organisation of an object that transmit and receive m
Saving Derived Attributes to Avoid Re-computation As discussed, "redundancy means duplication of exact data". But, if multiple copies of same data are present in the system,
Design Of Distributed Databases: The distributed databases are mainly relational at local level. So a local database schema is the similar as that of a centralised database design
Properties of a Transaction A transaction has four main properties. These are: Atomicity Consistency Isolation or Independence Durability or Permanen
Sparse and Dense Indexes These indexes in principle are the similar as that of indexes used at the back of the book. The key facts of the indexes are: They are arranged
What is substitutability? Any method of a class-say A can equally well be adjured with any object belonging to any subclasses B of A. This characteristic leads to code reuse, a
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