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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
Consider a bank that has a collection of sites, each running a database system. Suppose the only way the databases interact is by electronic transfer of money between one another,
Example - ALTER TABLE emp MODIFY (empno NUMBER (7));
What is the meaning of Recovery? In deferred update methods, if a transaction fails before arriving its commit point, it will not have altered the database in any way, so UNDO
Mention the various user privileges All privileges directly granted to the user or role. All privileges granted to roles that have been granted to the user or role.
When is UPDATE_STATISTICS command used? - When processing of large data is done, this command is used. - Whenever large number of modification, deletions or copy takes place
Concurrency Identification While designing analysis, model we map real world model into our analytical model. Real life objects are simultaneous in nature, but all the design
How the time stamps are implemented Use the value of the system clock as the time stamp. That is a transaction's time stamp is equivalent to the value of the clock when the tra
Create a view emp_dep containing e_name and number of dependents from the tables employee and dependent of (i) CREATE VIEW emp_dept AS SELECT ename, COUNT(*) FROM employee, dep
Define Thomas write rule Thomas' write rule: The Thomas' write rule is a modification of timestamp-ordering protocol for concurrency control. Assume that transaction T i issue
The domain that you will model in this assignment is that of courses and students at a university. So as not to make the task too large and unspecified, you will here get a descrip
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