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A Data Model in software engineering is an abstract model that organizes and documents the business data for interaction between team members and is used as a plan for creating applications, how data are accessed and stored. According to Hoberman (2009), "A data model is a wayfinding tool for both IT professionals and business, which needs a set of text and symbols to precisely illustrate a subset of real information to enhance communication within the organization and thereby lead to a more stable and flexible application environment." A data model explicitly calculates the structure of structured data or data. Typical applications of data models add database models, enabling exchange of data, and design of information systems. Generally data models are described in a data modeling language.
Prove that a relation which is 4NF must be BCNF. Ans Let R be in 4NF. Suppose it is not in BCNF. Hence, there exists an FD X→Y in R such that x is not a super key. Although
Which is another name for weak entity? Child is another name of weak entity.
What are the Objectives of object design After going through this unit, you could be able to: explain steps of object design; discuss algorithms that reduce costs;
Q. Explain data aggregatio n and discuss different design constraints. Sol. Aggregation One limitation of the E-R model is that it cannot express relationships amon
Consistency: This property makes sure that a complete transaction implementation takes a database from one consistent state to another consistent state. If the transaction fails e
What are the several kinds of the update operations on relations? Also explain the constraints on these update operation. Give instance in support of your answer. There are th
read-set(T) : Each data items that are read by a transaction T Timestamps : for all transaction T, the start-time and the end time are reserved for all the three phases.
Indexed (Indexed Sequential) File Organisation It organises the file like a big dictionary, i.e., records are kept in order of the key but an index is stored which also allows
explain five responsibilities of DBA?
Synonyms and Indexes Some of the essential properties of indexes are: An Index is a schema Object Indexes can be formed explicitly or automatically Indexes are m
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