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What is data independence?
Data Independence: Techniques which permit data to be changed without affecting the applications in which procedure it. There are two types of data independence. The first type is data independence for data that is accomplished in a database management system (DBMS). It permits the database to be structurally changed without affecting most existing programs. Programs access data in a DBMS through field and are concerned with just the data fields they use, not the format of the finished record. Therefore, when the record layout is updated (fields added, deleted or changed in size), the only programs which must be changed are those in which use those new fields.
Saving Derived Attributes to Avoid Re-computation As discussed, "redundancy means duplication of exact data". But, if multiple copies of same data are present in the system,
Define Forms Based Interfaces? Forms-Based Interfaces - A forms-based interface display a form to each user. Forms are commonly designed and programmed for naive users and inte
Entity types that do not have any key attribute, and therefore cannot be identified independently, are known as weak entity types. A weak entity can be recognized uniquely only by
Let consider the given partial relation EMP. Let us make some sub-queries for them EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL DEPTNO 7566
What is indexed sequential file organization? What are the applications of this organization? Ans: An index file can be employed to effectively overcome the problem of storing
I want to fragment existing table using java code... help me..!!
The File Based System File based systems are an early attempt to computerise the manual filing system. For example, a manual file can be set up to hold all the correspondence r
Introduction In large projects, we can have many different companies working together. Generally, the project or contract is awarded to one company (Principal Contractor), which
Draw entity relationship diagram for the following scenario. A university has many departments whereas each department belongs to that particular uni. That uni has also many bui
differences between a classified catalog and a dictionary catalog
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