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What is aggregate function? Briefly describe it?
Aggregate functions are functions that take a collection of values as input and return a one value. SQL offers 5 built-in aggregate functions:
a) Average: avg
b) Minimum:min
c) Maximum: max
d) Total:sum
e) Count:count
Average: avg
Select avg (balance)
From account
Where branch-name='perryridge'
Count :count
Select branch-name,count(distinct customer-name)
From depositior,account
Where depositor.account-number=account.account-number
groupby branch-name
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Write short notes on domain relational calculus The domain relational calculus uses domain variables that take on values from an attribute domain rather than values for whole
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Describe Application programming interface? Application Programming Interface - Commercial SQL implementations take one of the two primary techniques for involving SQL in a p
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UNION If R1 and R2 are two union compatible relations then R3 = R1 ∪ R2 is the relation having tuples that are either in R1 or in R2 or in both. In case, R3 will have tuples
Higher Normal Forms Is there more normal forms beyond BCNF? Yes, though, these normal forms are not based on the concept of functional dependence. More normalisation is needed if
Table_Name( attribute_1, attribute_2, attribute_3, ….. ,attribute_x) Primary Key ( attribute_1, attribute_2) Foreign Key attribute_4 References Table_Name_2 (repeat for each fore
wh
What is the need for triggers? Triggers are useful mechanisms for alerting humans or for starting particular tasks automatically when particular conditions are met.
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