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Let us now talk about the relational operations:
SELECT
The select operation is used to select few specific record from the database based on different criteria, This is a unary operation mathematically denoted as σ
Syntax:
σ (Relation)
The Boolean expression is specified in is made of a number of clauses of the form:
or
Comparison operators in the set { ≤, ≥, ≠, =, <, <} apply to the attributes whose domains are ordered value like as integer.
Before defines the second type of integrity constraint, viz., Entity Integrity, we should be well-known with the concept of NULL. Mostly, NULL is intended as a basis for dealing
Backward Recovery (UNDO): In this system the uncommitted changes made by a transaction to a database are undone. Instead the system is reset to the last consistent state of databa
What is foreign key? A relation schema r1 derived from an ER schema may contain among its attributes the primary key of another relation schema r2.this attribute is known as a
Define Join and Outer Join and differentiate between them. Ans: Join - It generates all the combinations of tuples from two relations which satisfy a join condition. Oute
What is relational model feature? A relational model feature is much more data independence than some other database models.
There are two major types of fragmentation: Horizontal& Vertical. Horizontal fragments, as the name suggests are subsets of tuples and vertical fragments are subsets of attributes
Define identify relationship? Identifying relationship: An identifying relationship means in which the child table cannot be uniquely recognize without the parent. For exampl
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
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Data Fragmentation "Fragmentation includes decomposing the data in relation to non-overlapping component relations". Why do we require fragmenting a relation?
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