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What are the problems if one were not to normalize? When do these problems surface?
Ans: Database normalization, sometimes considered to as canonical synthesis, is a method for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of information and, in so doing, to preserve the database against specific types of logical or structural problems, that are data anomalies. For instance, when multiple instances of a given piece of information take place in a table, the possibility exists that these examples will not be kept consistent while the data within the table is updated, leading to a loss of data integrity. A table that is adequately normalized is less vulnerable to problems of this type, as its structure reflects the basic assumptions for while multiple instances of similar information should be denoted by a single instance only.
Explain Composite attribute in SQL ? Composite attribute: A composite attribute has many components, each of that is atomic or composite.
Given the following relations Vehicle (Reg_no, make, colour) Person(eno, name, address) Owner(eno, reg_no) Write expressions in the relational algebra to answer the following
What are views? Explain how views are different from tables? A view in SQL terminology is a one table in which is derived from other tables. These other tables could be base t
1. Use the Invoice table structure shown below to answer the following questions: a) Draw the dependency diagram and identify the primary key and all dependencies, including al
Complete replication: It implies maintaining of a whole copy of the database at every site. Thus, the reliability & availability and performance for query response are maximized.
What are the various symbols used to draw an E-R diagram? Explain with the help of an example how weak entity sets are represented in an E-R diagram. Various symbols used to d
Briefly explain each of the following database terms. Use no more than 2-3 lines for each term. 1. DBMS 2. Update Anomaly 3. Alias (referring to tables in SQL queries)
Hardware failure : Hardware failures are the failures when some disk or hardware chip fails. This may result in loss of data. One such trouble can be that a disk gets damaged and
what is natural join?
The H. I. Topi School of Business operates international business programs in 10 locations throughout Europe. The school had its first class of graduates in 1965. The school keep
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