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With the linear commit protocol, sites are connected in a chain, and the subtransaction at the left-hand end of the chain initiates the protocol. Propose a crash recovery protocol for a site in the chain. Consider the following three points at which the crash might occur and state in each case (1) how the site determines from its log that it is at that point and (2) what action it takes (beyond standard recovery processing)
(a) The site crashes before the first message from its left-hand neighbor arrives.
(b) The site crashes after sending the first message to its neighbor on the right, but before receiving a message from its neighbor on the right.
(c) The site crashes after sending a message to its neighbor on the left but before receiving the second message from its neighbor on the left.
Draw an EER diagram that captures the "is-a" hierarchy of students in another simple database. The database captures both the "basic" information (say, student ID and student name)
Objectives After reading this part, you should be able to: Modify, create, and delete database schema objects; Update database using SQL command; Retrieve data f
Views in relational algebra: 1. Basic expression contains either a) A relation in the database. b) A constant relation. 2. General expressions are madde out of sma
Benefits: It limits data access. It makes difficult queries look easy. It permits data independence. It presents dissimilar views of the similar data.
In problems 1 - 4, you are given the columns of a table, and a set of functional dependencies. Determine the normal form of this table. Remember that the normal form is the HIGHE
The H. I. Topi School of Business operates international business programs in 10 locations throughout Europe. The school had its first class of graduates in 1965. The school keep
Control Files : The redo and control files logs support the rest of the architecture. Every database must have at least one control file, although you have more than one to guard
What is NULL? Give an example to described testing for NULL in SQL? The NULL SQL keyword is used to represent either a missing value or a value which is not applicable in a re
After going by the database architecture, let us now dwell on an important query: how is the data organised in a database? There are a lot of basic structures that exist in a datab
Define the Canonical cover Ans: A canonical cover F c for F is a set of dependencies like F logically implies all dependencies in F c , and F c logically entails all dependen
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