Viral diseases - avian encephalomyelitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Viral Diseases

Avian encephalomyelitis

This is enterovirus disease of chicken, pheasants, turkeys and Japanese quails caused by the member of the family Picornaviridae. It causes inapparent infection or drops in egg production in adult layer birds, whereas in young chicks, it is responsible for epidemic tremors. There are 15 serotypes of the virus which are enterotopic in nature which differ in their neurotropism and virulence. The morbidity and mortality varies depending on the immune status of the birds.  The disease is transmitted vertically through infected eggs or horizontally by ingestion of contaminated food and water. The virus is resistant to environmental conditions particularly if protected by organic matter.

Symptoms and lesions: In layers, the drop in egg production is very low (5-10%) and of short duration (less than 2 weeks). In breeders there may be a drop in hatchability of about 5%, but there is serious disease in the progeny involving central nervous system. The clinical signs include dullness, ataxia and tremors of the head and neck followed by paralysis, prostration and death. The mortality may reach upto 25%. Unilateral or bilateral blindness or corneal opacity may also be seen. There may not be any gross lesions seen during PM examination. In central nervous system, the inflammatory lesions are noticed in brain and ganglions however, peripheral nerves are not affected.

Diagnosis: Clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions, virus isolation and identification and detection of viral antigen in brain by fluorescent antibody technique confirm the diagnosis.

Prevention and control: Hatchery biosecurity and general hygienic measures should be followed.


Related Discussions:- Viral diseases - avian encephalomyelitis

Explain the role of the carbon atom, Each of the properties that follow is ...

Each of the properties that follow is characteristic of the carbon atom. In each case, indicate how the property contributes to the role of the carbon atom as the most important at

Signal for ribosome to begin translating the transcript, Which of the follo...

Which of the following serves as a signal for the ribosome to begin translating the transcript? A. Addition of the poly a tail to the 3' end of the transcript B. Deamination

Predict whether narrowing or widening of the blood vessels, Body temperatur...

Body temperature is homeostatic ally regulated around a set point. Given your knowledge of negative feedback and homeostatic control system, predict whether narrowing or widening o

Energy demand for active or moderately active lifestyles, Energy demand for...

Energy demand for Active or moderately active lifestyles? These people have occupations that are not strenuous in terms of energy demands, but involve more energy expenditure t

Reagent for estimation of calcium by edta titrimetric method, Define Reagen...

Define Reagents for Estimation of Calcium Using EDTA Titrimetric Method? 1. Buffer solution: Dissolve 16.9 g NH 4 CI in 143 ml NH 4 OH. To this add 50 ml of solution containing

Protozoa., state 5 advantages and disadvantages of protozoa

state 5 advantages and disadvantages of protozoa

What is obesity in biochemical or physiological risk, What is Obesity in bi...

What is Obesity in biochemical or physiological risk ? Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors operating throughout an in

Explain about the renal and urogenital system, Explain about the Renal and ...

Explain about the Renal and Urogenital System? Various studies have shown a decrease in the creatinine and insulin clearance. Due to the changes in glomerular structure of the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd