Viral diseases - avian encephalomyelitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Viral Diseases

Avian encephalomyelitis

This is enterovirus disease of chicken, pheasants, turkeys and Japanese quails caused by the member of the family Picornaviridae. It causes inapparent infection or drops in egg production in adult layer birds, whereas in young chicks, it is responsible for epidemic tremors. There are 15 serotypes of the virus which are enterotopic in nature which differ in their neurotropism and virulence. The morbidity and mortality varies depending on the immune status of the birds.  The disease is transmitted vertically through infected eggs or horizontally by ingestion of contaminated food and water. The virus is resistant to environmental conditions particularly if protected by organic matter.

Symptoms and lesions: In layers, the drop in egg production is very low (5-10%) and of short duration (less than 2 weeks). In breeders there may be a drop in hatchability of about 5%, but there is serious disease in the progeny involving central nervous system. The clinical signs include dullness, ataxia and tremors of the head and neck followed by paralysis, prostration and death. The mortality may reach upto 25%. Unilateral or bilateral blindness or corneal opacity may also be seen. There may not be any gross lesions seen during PM examination. In central nervous system, the inflammatory lesions are noticed in brain and ganglions however, peripheral nerves are not affected.

Diagnosis: Clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions, virus isolation and identification and detection of viral antigen in brain by fluorescent antibody technique confirm the diagnosis.

Prevention and control: Hatchery biosecurity and general hygienic measures should be followed.


Related Discussions:- Viral diseases - avian encephalomyelitis

What is the final comparative balance of these processes?, How the water ab...

How the water absorption volume and the water transpiration volume comparatively vary in plants in a day? What is the final comparative balance of these processes? Throughout t

Eliminate heat energy at the rate of approximately, A large leaf on a plant...

A large leaf on a plant in bright sunshine evaporates 5 grams of water per hour. Cooling the leaf through evaporation in this manner enables the plant to eliminate heat energy at t

Hirudinea - feeding and digestion in annelids, Hirudinea - Feeding and Dige...

Hirudinea - Feeding and Digestion in Annelids Hirudinea involves free living and ectoparasitic leeches. Leeches are blood suckers. The digestive system contains a preoral cham

Define the figure of 8 and mattress suturing techniques, Define The figure ...

Define The figure of 8 and Mattress suturing techniques The figure of 8:  is placed similarly to the simple loop on the buccal aspect; however, on the lingual aspect, the needl

Define metabolic utilization of carbohydrates, Define Metabolic utilization...

Define Metabolic utilization of carbohydrates? Following absorption, the monosaccharides enter the portal circulation and are carried to the liver. Both galactose and fructose

Why on earth would be drinking milk to feel better, If a person has a stoma...

If a person has a stomach ulcer (that is aggravated by excessive hydrochloric acid {HCl} secretion ), why on earth would he or she be drinking milk to feel better, when milk is als

Explain techniques for broken instrument removal, Explain Techniques for Br...

Explain Techniques for Broken Instrument Removal Described by Gary Carr Staging platform (cutting in flat surface) a) Create straight line access to separated file using mod

List the different systems of the body, List the different systems of the b...

List the different systems of the body a) Nervous System b) Respiratory System c) Cardiovascular System d) Neurological and Sensory System e) Gastrointestinal Syste

Classification of habituating drugs, CLASSIFICATION OF HABITUATING DRUGS - ...

CLASSIFICATION OF HABITUATING DRUGS - There are a large number of drugs on which people become dependent. These are classified into 2 main categories - (i) Psychotropic d

What do you mean by neurotransmitters, Q. What do you mean by neurotransmit...

Q. What do you mean by neurotransmitters? - Nicotinic receptors (nicotine mimics the effects of Ach here). Found at NM-junction, ANS ganglions in general. Binding of Ach to

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd